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盖挖地铁车站设计桩顶往往低于自然地面较多，当受条件限制无法进行基坑开挖时，需在自然地面上进行单桩承载力试验。由于设计桩顶以上的无效土层会对试验桩产生较大的摩阻力，会导致试验数据不准确。研究盖挖地铁车站试验桩单桩承载力试验存在的无效土层摩阻力问题，提出结合消阻双护筒的试验桩制作方法，并对试验桩单桩承载力进行试验分析。试验结果表明单桩承载力可满足设计要求，双护筒可较好地解决试验桩无效土层的桩侧摩阻力消除问题，保证试验数据准确可靠。
Pile top subway station design is often less than the natural top of the pile, when the conditions can not be pit excavation, the need to carry out on the natural ground single pile bearing capacity test. Since the invalid soil above the pile head design will have a greater frictional resistance to the test pile, the test data will be inaccurate. This paper studies the problem of frictional resistance of invalid soil layer in the test of bearing capacity of single pile of test pile in metro station, and puts forward the method of making test pile combined with anti-double sheathed pipe. The bearing capacity of single pile of test pile is analyzed. The test results show that the bearing capacity of single pile can meet the design requirements. The double casing can solve the problem of friction resistance of piles effectively and ensure the test data is accurate and reliable.