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目的:明确与父母分离焦虑在不同年龄段小儿的发生率,并探讨术前口服咪达唑仑对减轻患儿术前焦虑的效果。方法:募集442例年龄<12岁的非心脏手术患儿,分为咪达唑仑组和对照组,每组再按照年龄分为五个年龄段。咪达唑仑组患儿术前30分钟给予0.5 mg/kg咪达唑仑口服;对照组则未予任何制剂。观察并比较不同年龄段患儿入手术室与家长分离时的情况。结果:药物组分离焦虑发生率显著低于对照组。在各年龄组中,8个月到3岁的婴幼儿是发生分离焦虑比例最高的年龄段。对照组分离焦虑的发生率为16.94%,研究组为8%,较对照组有显著下降(P<0.05)。此外,研究组小于8个月和3-5岁组患儿发生分离焦虑的比例也均较未用药组有显著下降(P<0.05)。结论:分离焦虑与患儿年龄相关,低龄患儿在手术前有明显的分离焦虑,术前30分钟口服咪达唑仑0.5 mg/kg能显著改善分离时的焦虑,但不能完全消除。
Objective: To clarify the incidence of anxiety in children separated from their parents in different age groups, and to explore the effect of preoperative oral midazolam to reduce preoperative anxiety in children. Methods: A total of 442 children under 12 years of age who underwent noncardiac surgery were recruited and divided into two groups: midazolam group and control group. Each group was divided into five age groups by age. Patients in the midazolam group were given midazolam at 0.5 mg / kg orally 30 minutes before the procedure and no agent was given in the control group. Observation and comparison of children of different ages into the operating room when separated from the parents. Results: The incidence of anxiety in the drug group was significantly lower than that in the control group. Among all age groups, infants from 8 months to 3 years of age are those with the highest rates of isolated anxiety. The incidence of isolated anxiety was 16.94% in the control group and 8% in the study group, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). In addition, the proportion of children with anxiety in the study group less than 8 months and in the group of 3-5 years old also had a significant decrease (P <0.05) compared with the group without medication. Conclusion: The anxiety of separation is related to the age of children. There is obvious anxiety of separation in young children before operation. Oral administration of midazolam 0.5 mg / kg 30 minutes before operation can significantly improve the anxiety of separation, but it can not be completely eliminated.