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The analytical method is adopted to investigate the earthquake-induced hydrodynamic pressure on a circular cylinder surrounded by a two-layer fluid.Based on the radiation theory,the analytical expressions of the hydrodynamic pressure and the hydrodynamic force on a rigid circular cylinder are obtained.Then,the dispersion relation for the radiation problem in a two-layer fluid,and the added mass and the damping coefficients on the circular cylinder are analyzed.The earthquake-induced hydrodynamic forces on the circular cylinder in a two-layer fluid are furtherly investigated.It is founded that the hydrodynamic pressures on the circular cylinder include not only the surface-wave and perturbing wave modes,but also the internal-wave mode.This is quite different from the case in a single-layer fluid.However,the results indicate that the internal-wave mode has little influence on the hydrodynamic forces on the circular cylinder in a two-layer fluid.Lastly,the seismic responses of the flexible cylinder in single-layer and two-layer fluids are studied.Some examples show that the seismic responses of the cylinder in a two-layer fluid are much larger than those in a single-layer fluid.