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目的开发多维度的评价个体对慢性疾病自我管理效能的量表,并评价其信度和效度。方法通过文献回顾、访谈和专家特尔菲咨询法,形成多维度慢性病自我管理效能初步量表。采用多阶段整群抽样法对1 620名社区慢性病患者进行评估,并对量表进行信度和效度检验。采用分半信度、内部一致性α系数、表面效度、内容效度和结构效度进行信效度评估,并对户籍与非户籍调查对象调查结果进行分析。结果 (1)初步开发多维度量表,包括躯体不适管理、病耻感管理、用药管理、生活方式管理、情绪管理、烟酒控制等6各维度共42个条目;(2)量表分半信度系数为0.711,克朗巴赫α系数为0.937,各维度α系数为0.619~0.932。量表各条目相关系数均>0.5,且各条目与所属维度相关性有统计学意义。因子分析提取6个因子,累计贡献率为60.67%,各条目的因子载荷在0.435~0.815之间。结论研究开发的多维度慢性病自我管理效能量表具有较好信度、效度,可作为慢性病患者自我管理效能的评价工具。
Objective To develop a multidimensional scale to evaluate the self-management efficacy of chronic diseases and to evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods Through the literature review, interview and expert Delphi method, a preliminary scale of multi-dimension chronic disease self-management efficacy was formed. A multistage cluster sampling method was used to evaluate 1 620 community-based chronic patients and to test the reliability and validity of the scale. The reliability and validity, the internal consistency α coefficient, the surface validity, the content validity and the structure validity were used to evaluate the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. The investigation results of the household registration and non-household registration survey were analyzed. Results (1) The initial development of multi-dimensional scale, including physical discomfort management, sense of disgrace management, medication management, lifestyle management, emotional management, alcohol and tobacco control and other six dimensions of a total of 42 entries; (2) The degree coefficient is 0.711, that of Cronbach is 0.937, and the coefficient of each factor is 0.619 ~ 0.932. The correlation coefficient of each item in the scale was> 0.5, and the correlation between each item and the affiliated dimension was statistically significant. Factor analysis extracted six factors, the cumulative contribution rate of 60.67%, the factor of each item load between 0.435 ~ 0.815. Conclusion The multidimensional chronic disease self-management efficacy scale researched and developed has good reliability and validity and can be used as an evaluation tool for the self-management efficacy of patients with chronic diseases.