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Objective: We carried out a meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and safety of radiotherapy combined with surgery for gastric cancer. Methods: Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) in which radiotherapy (preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative), was compared with surgery alone in resectable gastric cancer were identified by searching Cochrane Library (Issue 2, 2009), PubMed (Jan 1966-Jun 2009), EMBASE (Jan 1974-Jun 2009), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (Jan 1978-Jun 2009), Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals Database (Jan 1989-Jun 2009), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (Jan 1994-Jun 2009) and Wanfang database (Jan 1997-Jun 2009) in English and Chinese languang. Two researchers assessed the quality of included randomized controlled trials (RCT) extracted data independently. The RevMan 5.0 software was used for meta-analysis. Our researchers assessed the quality of included randomized controlled trials (RCT) extracted data independently. The RevMan 5.0 software was used for meta-analysis. Results: Nine randomized controlled trials of 1 548 patients were selected for meta-analysis. Five randomized controlled trials were related with comparison of preoperative radiotherapy plus surgery with single surgery. Two randomized controlled trials were the comparative studies between surgery plus postoperative and single surgery. The meta-analysis results showed that: (1) compared with surgery alone, preoperative radiotherapy combined with surgery can increase 3 years (OR = 1.78; 95% CI 1.14-2.78, P = 0.01), 5 years (OR = 1.67; 95% CI 1.22-2.29, P = 0.001), 10 years (OR = 1.64; 95% CI 1.03-2.60, P = 0.04) survival rate and resection rate (OR = 2.15; 95% CI 1.31-3.54, P = 0.003); reduce the of tumor recurrence rate (OR = 0.59; 95% CI 0.37-0.92, P = 0.02) and metastasis rate (OR = 0.44; 95% CI 0.27-0.73, P = 0.001); (2) The tumor recurrent rates (OR = 0.19, 95% CI 0.03-1.14, P = 0.07) and tumor metastasis rate (OR = 0.09; 95% CI 0.00-1.77, P = 0.11) had no difference between single surgery group and peri-operative radiotherapy plus surgery group; (3) Postoperative radiotherapy compared with surgery alone had no significant effects on 1 year (OR = 0.83; 95% CI 0.60-1.15, P = 0.26) and 3 years (OR = 0.75; 95% CI 0.51-1.11, P = 0.15) survival rate compared with single surgery, but the 5-year survival rates (OR = 0.57; 95% CI 0.34-0.95, P = 0.03) of the patients who received surgery alone was higher than those who received combined therapy. No difference of the tumor recurrence rate (OR = 0.59; 95% CI 0.33-1.05, P = 0.07), tumor metestasis rate (OR = 0.90; 95% CI 0.51-1.59, P = 0.71) and anastomotic leak (OR = 0.98; 95% CI 0.25-3.65, P = 0.98) were observed between the two groups. Conclusion: Preoperative radiotherapy combined surgery is more rational and effective than surgery alone of gastric cancer. However, in terms of the clinical effects of perioperarive or postoperative radoiotherapy combined with surgery, much multicenter, largescale, high-quality, double-blind and rigorously designed studies would be needed than currently available in the future.