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以老鸦瓣鳞茎为材料,探索(4±0.5)℃冷藏过程中的形态和生理变化及冷藏对栽后生长情况的影响。结果表明,在10周的冷藏期内淀粉含量和淀粉酶活力呈下降趋势,可溶性蛋白含量先升后降,于第6周达到峰值。可溶性糖含量及还原糖含量逐渐上升,其中可溶性糖含量在冷藏初期上升缓慢,在4~8周急剧上升,并于第8周达到峰值。冷藏处理的鳞茎于第6周生根,较室温处理提前2周,但后期新生根的数量显著低于室温处理;贮藏过程中冷藏处理的芯芽长度始终大于室温处理,但差异不显著。冷藏处理利于鳞茎提前出苗,并显著缩短出苗时间且利于苗齐,但对出苗率影响不明显;冷藏后花发育不正常,结果率为0;冷藏能够延长老鸦瓣生育期并提高鳞茎产量。综上所述,初步认为(4±0.5)℃冷藏6~8周为老鸦瓣鳞茎打破休眠的关键时期;冷藏能够延长老鸦瓣生育期并提高鳞茎产量。
The experiment was conducted to investigate the morphological and physiological changes during cold storage at (4 ± 0.5) ℃ and the effect of cold storage on the growth of the seedlings. The results showed that the starch content and amylase activity tended to decrease during the 10-week cold storage period, and the soluble protein content increased first and then decreased and reached its peak at the 6th week. Soluble sugar content and reducing sugar content gradually increased, of which soluble sugar content increased slowly in the early cold storage, rose sharply from 4 to 8 weeks and peaked at the 8th week. The bolls of cold storage were rooted at the 6th week, two weeks earlier than that at room temperature, but the number of newborn roots at the later stage was significantly lower than that at room temperature. The length of the stored core during storage was always higher than that at room temperature, but the difference was not significant. Preservation of cold storage was beneficial to bulb emergence in advance, and significantly shortened the emergence time and benefit seedling Qi, but the impact on the emergence rate is not obvious; after the cold flower development is not normal, the result rate of 0; cold storage can extend the growth period and raise bulb yield. In summary, the initial (4 ± 0.5) ℃ 6 to 8 weeks refrigeration is the key period to break the dormancy bulbs; Olive flap can extend the growth period and increase bulb yield.