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栓剂是作为直肠阴道给药的比较老的剂型。自40年代后发现它可以通过直肠粘膜吸收引起全身治疗作用。因此近20年来,在国外,尤其是欧洲有了新的发展,引起了人们的重视。栓剂的主要优点:(1)直肠给药粘膜吸收,药物不经肝脏而直接进入大循环,减少药物对肝脏的毒性及副作用;(2)避免了药物对胃粘膜的刺激作用,同时也避免了消化液对药物的影响及破坏作用;(3)适于不能吞服药物的病人,尤其是儿童、昏迷病人;(4)直肠吸收快、直接进入血液循环,仅次于静脉点滴。(5)作用时间长。所以,近
Suppository is an older dosage form for rectal vaginal administration. It has been found since the 40’s that it can be absorbed through the rectal mucosa to cause systemic therapeutic effects. Therefore, in the past 20 years, new developments have been made in foreign countries, especially in Europe, which have attracted people’s attention. The main advantages of suppositories: (1) rectal mucosal absorption, drugs directly into the major circulation without the liver, reducing the toxicity and side effects of drugs on the liver; (2) to avoid the stimulation of the gastric mucosal drugs, but also to avoid (3) It is suitable for patients who cannot swallow drugs, especially children and coma patients; (4) The rectum absorbs fast and directly enters the blood circulation, second only to intravenous drip. (5) Long duration of action. So, near