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目的本研究以沈北新区锡伯族学校的学生为研究对象,科学、全面评价和认识城市边缘地区以锡伯族为代表的学生的体质健康情况。方法于2014年3~5月采用整群抽样方法对沈阳市沈北新区2所乡村中学的425名初一到初三体重在40~100kg的初中学生常规体检调查资料进行调查分析。结果共调查425名锡伯族、汉族中学生,锡伯族中学生肺活量(均数±标准差)为(2 391.30±697.47)ml,男生(2 729.38±688.58)ml,女生(2 124.87±580.75)ml。汉族中学生肺活量为(2 290.54±692.34)ml,男生(2 566.65±650.51)ml,女生(1 768.40±445.74)ml。锡伯族中学生肺活量均高于汉族中学生(P<0.01);初二、初三年级锡伯族男生肺活量高于同年级汉族男生(P<0.05),初一~初三年级锡伯族女生肺活量均高于同年级汉族女生(P<0.05)。锡伯族中学生肺活量体重指数(均数±标准差)为(43.92±12.51),男生(49.12±11.53),女生(39.82±11.74),汉族中学生肺活量体重指数为(38.81±11.56),男生为(43.94±10.51),女生为(32.47±9.51)。锡伯族男女生肺活量体重指数均高于汉族男女生(P<0.01)。初二、初三年级锡伯族男生肺活量体重指数高于同年级汉族男生(P<0.05),初一到初三年级锡伯族女生肺活量体重指数均高于同年级汉族女学(P<0.05)。结论初二、初三年级锡伯族男生肺活量和肺活量体重指数均比汉族男生高。初一到初三年级锡伯族女生肺活量和肺活量体重指数均比汉族女生高。
Aim In this study, students of Xibe School of Shenbei New Area were selected as research subjects, and scientific and comprehensive evaluation and understanding of physical health of students represented by Xibe in urban fringe. Methods From March to May 2014, a total of 425 junior high school students of 40 ~ 100kg in weight from 425 schools in Shenbei New District of Shenyang were surveyed by cluster sampling method. Results A total of 425 Xibe, Han middle school students and Xibe secondary school students were investigated. Their spirits (mean ± standard deviation) were (2 391.30 ± 697.47) ml, boys (2 729.38 ± 688.58) ml and girls (2 124.87 ± 580.75) ml. The lung capacity of Han middle school students was (2 290.54 ± 692.34) ml, male (2 566.65 ± 650.51) ml and female (1 768.40 ± 445.74) ml. The lung capacity of Xibe primary school students was higher than that of Han middle school students (P <0.01). The Xibe boys’ abilities to take lungs in the second and third grades were higher than those of the Han boys in the same grade (P <0.05) The same grade Han girls (P <0.05). The scores of vital capacity index (mean ± standard deviation) of Xibe secondary school students were (43.92 ± 12.51), 49.12 ± 11.53 (39.82 ± 11.74), 38.81 ± 11.56 (43.94 ± 10.51), girls (32.47 ± 9.51). The lung vital mass index of male and female Xibe students were higher than those of male and female Han students (P <0.01). The body mass index of lung capacity of Xibe boys in grade two and grade three was significantly higher than that of boys in the same grade (P <0.05). The body mass index of Xibo girls in grade one and grade three were higher than that of girls in Han nationality in the same grade (P <0.05). Conclusions The Xibo boys’ lung capacity and vital capacity body mass index in the second and third grade are higher than those in the Han boys. The Xibo girls’ lung capacity and vital capacity body mass index were higher than Han girls from the first grade to the third grade.