Who sends alcohol to the mouths of juveniles?

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  As the incidents caused by alcohol are increasing and the risks of drinking become prominent, relevant departments of countries are not completely indifferent.
  In China, the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Minors stipulates explicitly that alcohol cannot be sold to minors and relevant departments provide that a sign of “it’s illegal to sell alcohol to minors” must be displayed at every place of business selling alcohol. What’s more, the Ministry of Commerce of China also stipulates in the Measures for Administration of Alcohol Circulation that a 2000 yuan fine will be charged if sell alcohol to minors.
  In the US, there are two laws in relation to the drinking of juveniles, which are National Minimum Drinking Age Act and Law on the Protection of Minors, which stipulate the social responsibilities of juveniles in drinking, and the obligations of juveniles as well as their guardians. Among which, it says juveniles under 21 years’ old shall not consume alcohol, and merchants shall not sell beverages with alcohol to juveniles under 21 years’ old.
  Japan also stipulates in its Law on Prohibiting Minors’ Drinking that juveniles under 20 years’ old shall not consume alcohol, and their parents or guardian have the responsibility of preventing them drinking alcohol. Stores and restaurants that sell alcohol to juveniles will be fined by 500,000 JPY.
  在曝出的诸多饮酒伤亡事件,和凸显出的诸多饮酒风险中,各个国家相关部门也并非全然无动于衷。
  在中国,《未成年人保护法》中明确规定,不得向未成年人卖酒,并且相关部门规定所有的酒类经营场所,必须放置“不向未成年人售酒”的标志。此外,中国商务部在《酒类流通管理办法》中也提及,向未成年人售酒者,处以2,000元以下罚款。
  在美国,有两部涉及未成年人饮酒的法律,分别是《最低饮酒年龄法案》和《美国未成年人保护法》,其中既规定了在未成年人饮酒方面的社会责任,同时也规定了未成年人本身及监护人的义务。其中,21岁以下的年轻人不许饮酒,商家也不能向21岁以下的青年出售含有酒精的饮品。
  日本也在其《禁止未成年人饮酒法》中规定,未满20岁的未成年人不得饮酒,其父母或监护人有制止未成年子女饮酒的责任,凡向未成年人出售酒类的商店、饮食店,要受到最高50万日元的处罚。
  Similarly, other countries in Europe and Asia have the law on minimum age of drinking. For instance, Finland forbids juveniles under 18 years’ old to drink alcohol; the minimum age for drinking in Hungary and Poland are also 18. Since every country has its laws and regulations on preventing minors drinking, then who sends the alcohol to the mouth of minors?
  During the reporter’s investigation, many retailers in big cities of China including Zhengzhou, Nanjing, Taiyuan didn’t display the sign of “it’s illegal to sell alcohol to minors”, and juveniles can buy alcohol so easily that even didn’t have to go with the excuse “shopping for fathers”. In the restaurants around the school campus, it’s very common to see juveniles carry dozens of beers to celebrate. Many staffs of the retailer shops didn’t even know the relegation that “it’s illegal to sell alcohol to minors”. Some of them said to the reporter, “I cannot say it’s ok to buy beers, but you have to present you ID first.”   Zhang Ming, who was mentioned in the beginning of this article, told the reporter, “My peers and I all have the experience of drinking with dads and playing drinking games.” Even worse, he mentioned that some elder members of the family think juveniles’ drinking as a “promising” matter, because “drinking ability means you are good at social stuff, and Chinese people emphasize connections and relationships with people, so drinking may help to maintain the relationships.” Zhang Ming also told the reporter that this traditional concept complies with what his father told him, and he even joked that “drinking should start with babies, and the earlier the practice starts the better.”
  “In most cases, curiosity would also be a motive for juveniles to ‘have a drink’, and places like KTV and home are all closed spaces and blind angles of supervision. Classmates would kick up a fuss with each other, and the cups of drinks would be raised up by himself/herself.” some expert explained to the reporter.
  同样,欧洲、亚洲的其他一些国家也都有最低法定饮酒年龄的规定。例如,芬兰禁止18岁以下未成年人饮酒;匈牙利、波兰的饮酒最低年龄限制同样也是18岁。既然各国都有对未成年人饮酒最低年龄作出限制的规定和法律,那么,又是谁把酒送到了他们唇边?
  在记者调查中,包括郑州市、南京市、太原市等中国多个城市的烟酒店,很少能看到诸如“不提供酒给未成年人”的标识,青少年甚至不用打着“替父亲买酒”的旗号就能轻易买到酒。而在大学校园周边的饭店中,几个青年人扛一捆捆啤酒以做庆祝用的身影并不鲜见。很多烟酒店的工作人员甚至并不清楚“不可向未成年人出售烟酒”的规定。其中,有人甚至对记者表示,“我总不能说买酒可以,但先出示你的身份证吧”。
  开篇提到的张明,他也曾向记者表示,“我的同龄人都有和父亲一起坐在酒桌上划拳行令的经历。”甚至,他提及长辈看待未成年人喝酒是一件“有出息”的事,“能喝意味着你会交际应酬,中国人都讲究人情世故,喝点酒可以拉近人际关系”,张明表示,父亲一度这样教育他,还调侃“喝酒要从娃娃抓起,从小要锻炼酒量。”
  “在多数场合下,好奇心往往也会成为未成年人‘喝一个’的推动力。而KTV、家里又都是封闭的场所,也常常是监管死角。同学间互相起哄,酒会被他(她)自己端起来放在唇边的。”有专家这样向记者解释。
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