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用金相、扫描电镜及电子探针方法研究了铝钎焊过程中含CdCl_2或ZnCl_2钎剂的活性机制。结论表明,钎剂的活性产生于反应析出的液态重金属与母材及钎料润湿,从而生成局部无氧化膜的液态合金。ZnCl_2析出大片液态合金与母材润湿,而CdCl_2析出分散点滴状液态Cd与母材润湿。实验表明,反应析出的重金属最终夹杂在焊点之中。钎焊温度愈低,重金属夹杂的尺寸愈大。
The activation mechanism of CdCl_2 or ZnCl_2 flux during aluminum brazing was studied by means of metallographic examination, scanning electron microscopy and electron probe method. The results show that the flux activity results from the wetting of liquid heavy metals and the base metal and brazing filler metal, resulting in the formation of localized liquid alloy without oxide film. ZnCl 2 precipitated large liquid alloy wetted with base metal, while CdCl 2 precipitated and dispersed drip liquid Cd wetted with base metal. Experiments show that the reaction of heavy metals eventually precipitated in the solder joints. The lower the brazing temperature, the greater the size of heavy metal inclusions.