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基于岩石变形破裂过程的电荷感应规律是预测顶板断裂型冲击地压的基础。提出电荷感应方法检测岩石破坏的前兆信息。利用自主研制的单轴压缩岩石电荷感应试验系统,检测到花岗岩和砂岩变形破裂过程的电荷感应信号,并与煤进行对比。综合分析获得岩石变形破裂过程的电荷感应规律。结果表明:岩石变形破裂过程中有明显的电荷感应信号产生,且与岩石的应力水平有一定关系;岩石较大破裂面接收到的电荷感应信号较强;与煤相比,岩石的电荷感应信号更强,信号也更丰富;岩石电荷感应信号的优势频率较低,其中10 Hz以下的信号更占优势。岩石电荷感应信号可作为检测岩石破坏的前兆信息。
The charge induction law based on rock deformation and rupture process is the basis for predicting rock burst pressure. A charge sensing method is proposed to detect precursor information of rock failure. Using self-developed uniaxial compression rock charge induction test system, the charge sensing signals of granite and sandstone during deformation and rupture are detected and compared with coal. Comprehensive analysis of the charge-induced rock deformation and cracking process. The results show that there are obvious charge-induced signals in the process of rock deformation and rupture, and are related to the stress level of rocks. The charge-induced signals received by the larger rock-rupture planes are stronger. Compared with coal, the charge-induced signals Stronger and more abundant signals. The dominant frequency of the rock charge sensing signal is lower, and the signal below 10 Hz is more dominant. Rock charge sensing signals can be used as precursors to detect rock failure.