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采用PCR扩增和测序的方法获得了尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)埃及品系(简称AJ,22尾)、88品系(简称XH,26尾)和奥利亚罗非鱼(O.aureus)(简称ALY,28尾)“夏奥1号”线粒体DNA控制区(mtDNA D-loop)的部分序列(575～581 bp)。对照其他已报道的鱼类控制区结构,对序列结构进行分析,成功识别了罗非鱼mtDNA D-loop区序列的中央保守区和保守序列区,找到了4个特征序列(CSB-D、CSB1、CSB2、CSB3)。76个个体共检测出28个单倍型。AJ群体有12个单倍型,XH群体有10个单倍型,ALY群体存在9个单倍型。其中,3个群体共享1个单倍型(XH06),AJ和XH群体共享一个单倍型(XH10),其他为各个群体独有。AJ和XH(Nm=0.77)、AJ和ALY(Nm=0.02)、XH和ALY(Nm=0.02)之间均存在一定的遗传分化。AJ和XH的核苷酸多态性(Pi)值(分别为0.042 4、0.031 1)明显高于ALY的Pi值(0.001 2)。本实验中的ALY品种纯度高,AJ和XH的遗传多样性较丰富。mtDNA D-loop区能反映出罗非鱼群体的种质特征,适用于罗非鱼群体内的遗传多样性研究。
The Oreochromis niloticus strain (AJ, 22), 88 strain (XH, 26) and O. aureus were obtained by PCR amplification and sequencing. (ALY, 28), partial sequence of mtDNA D-loop (575-581 bp). Compared with other reported control structures of fish, we analyzed the sequence structure and successfully identified the central conserved region and the conserved sequence region of the mtDNA D-loop region of tilapia. Four characteristic sequences (CSB-D, CSB1 , CSB2, CSB3). A total of 28 haplotypes were detected in 76 individuals. There are 12 haplotypes in AJ population, 10 haplotypes in XH population and 9 haplotypes in ALY population. Among them, three groups shared one haplotype (XH06), AJ and XH shared one haplotype (XH10), and others were unique to each group. There was some genetic differentiation between AJ and XH (Nm = 0.77), AJ and ALY (Nm = 0.02), XH and ALY (Nm = 0.02) The nucleotide polymorphism (Pi) values of AJ and XH (0.042 4,0.031 1, respectively) were significantly higher than those of ALY (0.001 2). The purity of ALY varieties in this experiment is high, and the genetic diversity of AJ and XH is rich. The mtDNA D-loop region can reflect the germplasm characteristics of the tilapia population and is suitable for the study of genetic diversity in the tilapia population.