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了解和掌握区域内土壤侵蚀强度及其空间分布是开展水土保持综合治理的基础。以上海市为研究对象,依据当地降雨、地形、土壤类型等资料,借助GIS技术获得了各像元侵蚀因子图,并应用USLE模型计算获得了上海市土壤侵蚀模数及其空间分布状况。研究结果表明:上海市水土流失非常轻微,96.71%的面积为微度侵蚀,轻度以上水土流失面积为207.2 km2,仅占全市土地总面积的3.29%。
Knowing and grasping the intensity of soil erosion and its spatial distribution in the area are the foundation for comprehensive management of soil and water conservation. Based on the data of local rainfall, topography and soil types, the erosion factors of each pixel were obtained by using GIS technology in Shanghai. The soil erosion modulus and its spatial distribution in Shanghai were calculated by USLE model. The results show that the soil erosion in Shanghai is very slight with 96.71% of the area being slightly eroded, with an area of 207.2 km2 above the mild ones, accounting for only 3.29% of the total area of the city.