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目的了解黔东南州急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)病例监测系统运转状况,剖析监测中存在的问题,探索提高AFP监测质量,巩固无脊髓灰质炎的防控成果。方法收集黔东南州2012—2013年AFP病例监测资料,采用描述流行病学分析。结果黔东南州2012—2013年共报告AFP病例71例,<15岁AFP病例报告发病率分别为3.76/10万、4.86/10万;病例以1~4岁为主,占59.15%;免疫史≤3剂次有1例,无免疫史不详和0剂次病例。报告后48 h调查率为97.18%,14 d内双份便采集率为92.96%,合格便采集率为90.14%;粪便标本7 d内送达率为98.59%;麻痹75 d内随访及时率为94.37%。结论黔东南州AFP监测系统运行正常,各项监测指标完成良好,达到卫生部的指标要求。但存在需改进的地方,首诊报告率低,不合格粪便时有发生。需进一步加强AFP监测技术培训、加大督导力度等措施,提高医疗单位AFP病例诊断能力和报告意识,提升AFP病例监测工作质量。
Objective To understand the operation status of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) case monitoring system in Qiandongnan Prefecture, analyze the problems existing in monitoring, and explore ways to improve AFP monitoring quality and consolidate the prevention and control results of non-polio. Methods AFP surveillance data from 2012 to 2013 in Qiandongnan Prefecture were collected and used to describe the epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 71 AFP cases were reported from 2012 to 2013 in Qiandongnan Prefecture. The incidence of AFP cases younger than 15 years was 3.76 / 100 000 and 4.86 / 100 000 respectively. The cases were mainly aged 1 to 4 years old, accounting for 59.15%. The immunization history ≤ 3 times in 1 case, no history of unknown immunization and 0 dose cases. 48h after the report of the investigation rate was 97.18%, 14 d double collection rate was 92.96%, the passing rate was 90.14%; stool specimens within 7 days delivery rate was 98.59%; paralysis 75d follow-up rate was 94.37%. Conclusion The AFP monitoring system in Qiandongnan Prefecture is in normal operation and various monitoring indicators are well completed and meet the indicator requirements of the Ministry of Health. However, there is room for improvement. The first diagnosis report rate is low, and substandard manure sometimes occurs. It is necessary to further strengthen the training of AFP monitoring technology and step up supervision so as to improve the diagnostic capability and reporting awareness of AFP cases in medical units and enhance the quality of AFP case monitoring.