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本文认为，７０年代末８０年代初兴起的“世界体系理论”是国外社会科学界对不发达经济问题研究的最新趋势；该理论的创始人沃勒斯坦运用系统的分析方法，对世界资本主义经济制度进行了综合的、整体的分析，指出世界体系实质上就是各种相互联系、相互作用的“要素”推动的、可以自我调控的社会体系，无论是发达国家还是不发达国家，其发展和变化都受世界体系整体性的发展、变化规律的支配和制约；世界体系理论对我们研究和探讨当代发达与不发达的关系问题提供了有益的启示。
This paper argues that the “theory of a world system” that emerged in the late 1970s and early 1980s is the latest trend in the study of the underdeveloped economy by the social science community abroad. Wallerstein, the founder of this theory, applied systematic analysis to analyze the world capitalist economy System, and pointed out that the world system is essentially a social system that is self-regulating and promoted by various elements of interaction and interaction. Whether developed or not, the development and changes of the system All are governed and constrained by the overall development of the world system and the law of change. The world system theory provides useful enlightenment for us in studying and discussing the current relationship between developed and underdeveloped areas.