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在田间及人工模拟试验条件下,对提高旱地降水的利用率和转化效率进行了研究。结果表明:在土壤缺水条件下,播种前深翻会造成水分大量散失;夏闲地深翻会加剧水分消耗。旱地闭口过暑具有明显地保墒作用;耕层经常保持5—10厘米的细土(尤其是腐植质土)或人工地表覆盖,可大大降低蒸发量,保墒效果显著,并对提高地温、增加土壤有效养分、增加小麦分蘖、促进根系发育、降低冻害、增加产量有明显作用。提高土壤肥力,增施有机肥及化肥,能有效地提高降水的转化率,把有限水分的潜力变为生产力。
Under field and artificial simulated test conditions, the utilization and conversion efficiency of precipitation in dryland were studied. The results showed that under the condition of soil water shortage, deep sowing before sowing would cause a large amount of water loss; deep sowing of summer fallow would exacerbate water consumption. Dry closure of the mouth with excessive moisture has a significant effect of preserving soil; often maintain 5-10 cm fine layer of soil (especially humus soil) or artificial surface cover, which can greatly reduce evaporation, significant effect of soil moisture, and improve ground temperature and increase soil Effective nutrients, increase wheat tillering, promote root development, reduce frost damage, increase production has a significant role. Improve soil fertility, increase of organic fertilizer and fertilizer, can effectively improve the conversion rate of precipitation, the potential of limited water into productive forces.