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服务业是国民经济的重要组成部分和发展方向。为了准确揭示中美服务业发展差距,加快中国服务业结构调整和发展模式转变,文章从出口增加值角度,对中美服务业展开对比分析。结果表明:从中美服务业全行业和分行业出口情况来看,中国服务业出口增加值总量远低于美国,但差距在不断缩小,中国服务业出口结构呈现出传统化和非均衡的发展态势;从中美服务业出口增加值的构成分解情况来看,中国服务业出口中行业自身价值创造能力相对较低,处于“微笑曲线”的相对低端位置;从中美服务业出口的贸易伙伴国情况来看,中国出口的服务产品在伙伴国的市场占有率普遍较低,国际竞争能力相对较弱,但也在不断提升之中。此外,金融危机对两国服务行业出口国内增值率影响虽大,但并没有阻碍服务业的全球化进程,危机之后,两国更加注重服务业的内部优化调整。
Service industry is an important part of national economy and development direction. In order to accurately reveal the gap between the development of service industry in China and the United States and speed up the structural adjustment of service industry in China and the change of development mode, the article analyzes the service industry in China and the United States from the perspective of export value added. The results show that the total value added of China’s service exports is much lower than that of the United States, but the gap is shrinking. The export structure of China’s service industries shows a traditional and unbalanced development From the decomposition of the value-added of service exports between China and the United States, the value-added ability of China’s service exports is relatively low, at a relatively low position of “smile curve”. From the export trade between China and the United States In the partner countries’ situation, the service products exported from China generally have lower market share in the partner countries and relatively weaker international competitiveness, but they are also continuously improving. In addition, the impact of the financial crisis on the domestic value-added rate of export of service industries in the two countries was great, but it did not hinder the globalization of the service industry. After the crisis, the two countries paid more attention to the internal optimization and adjustment of the service industry.