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本文研究了焊前清理和处理对气孔形成的影响,进行了改变焊接速度和氩弧点焊试验以观察熔池存在时间对气孔形成的影响。用扫描电镜对带气孔焊缝断面和气孔内表面进行观察,发现多数气孔内表面上有直径约1μ的微气泡和个别固体质点。分析了气孔的形成过程,根据前人的工作和我们的工作发展了气孔形成的“气孔核”观点,认为上述微气泡和固体质点起到“气孔核”作用,其中以微气泡的怍用为主。把气孔分为熔合线气孔和焊缝中部气孔,讨论了两类气孔形成过程的差别。焊前清理和热处理减少气孔是由于减少了“气孔核”的结果。上述观点完满地解释了前人难以解释的现象。
In this paper, the influence of pre-welding cleaning and treatment on the formation of stomata was studied. The welding speed and the arc spot welding test were carried out to observe the influence of the existence time of the weld pool on the stomatal formation. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the fracture surface of the stomatal weld and the inner surface of the stomata. The inner surface of most of the stomata was found to have microbubbles with a diameter of about 1μ and individual solid particles. According to the work of predecessors and our work, we have developed the “stomatal nucleus” of stomatal formation. It is believed that the above micro-bubbles and solid particles play the role of “stomatal nuclei”, of which the use of micro-bubbles is the Lord. The stomata are divided into the fusional line pores and the central stomata in the weld, and the differences between the two types of stomata formation processes are discussed. Pre-solder cleanup and heat treatment to reduce stomatitis are the result of reduced “stomatal nuclei”. This view is a complete explanation of the phenomena that our predecessors can not explain.