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摩擦学是六十年代中期兴起的一门技术科学。金属耐磨材料和金属磨损是摩擦学的一个重要研究内容。由于金属工件磨损很少引起灾难性的危害,所以,过去对金属磨损就没有像对金属断裂、腐蚀破坏那样进行广泛而深入的研究。但是,金属磨损造成的经济损失却是相当惊人的。据报道,由于磨损造成的经济损失,美国约150亿美元/年,苏联约120亿卢布/年,西德约100亿马克/年。因而合理选用和发展金属耐磨材料是减少金属磨损的一个重要途径。近10多年来,国外对金属耐磨材料的发展和金属磨损研究是非常活跃的。这方面的工作,大致包括强化奥氏体高锰钢的耐磨性、耐磨合金钢、耐磨合金、耐磨合金铸铁
Tribology is a technological science that emerged in the mid-1960s. Metal wear-resistant materials and metal wear is an important study Tribology. Since wear of metal work pieces rarely causes catastrophic damage, there has been no extensive and in-depth study on wear of metal in the past as it has been done for metal rupture and corrosion damage. However, the economic loss caused by metal wear is quite alarming. It is reported that due to economic losses caused by wear and tear, the United States about 15 billion US dollars / year, the Soviet Union about 12 billion rubles / year, West Germany about 10 billion marks / year. Therefore, the rational selection and development of metal wear-resistant materials is to reduce metal wear an important way. In the recent 10 years, the research on the development of metal wear-resistant materials and metal wear abroad is very active. Work in this area generally includes strengthening austenitic high manganese steel wear resistance, wear-resistant alloy steel, wear-resistant alloy, wear-resistant alloy cast iron