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目的了解静脉吸毒人群中丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的感染率,并对HCV常见的几种实验室检测结果进行分析。方法对云南芒市172份静脉吸毒人群血样先进行初筛试验检测抗-HCV,抗-HCV反应性样本再进行重组免疫印迹试验(RIBA)和HCV RNA检测,对实验结果进行统计分析。结果 172份样本初筛试验抗体阳性率80.81%(139/172),RIBA抗体阳性率为79.65%(137/172),HCV-RNA阳性率为74.42%(128/172)。当抗-HCV酶免疫法(EIA)S/CO比值>20时,抗-HCV EIA与核酸检测的符合率达到95.87%。EAI与RIBA的符合率为98.56%(137/139)。RIBA检测阳性结果进行各区段统计,core区出现的概率最高,为98.54%(135/137),NS3区次之,而NS4区出现的概率最低,为16.06%(22/137)。结论对静脉吸毒人群样本进行实验室检测时,利用国产第三代EIA试剂盒作筛查试验,阳性样本直接进行核酸检测,可以考虑不需要进一步做RIBA,降低其检测的成本效益比。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in intravenous drug users and to analyze the common laboratory test results of HCV. Methods The blood samples from 172 intravenous drug users in Mangshan, Yunnan Province were preliminarily tested for anti-HCV and anti-HCV reactivity samples, and then subjected to RIBA and HCV RNA tests. The results of the experiments were statistically analyzed. Results The positive rate of RIA antibody was 80.81% (139/172), the positive rate of RIBA antibody was 79.65% (137/172) and the positive rate of HCV RNA was 74.42% (128/172). When the S / CO ratio of anti-HCV enzyme immunoassay (EIA)> 20, the coincidence rate of anti-HCV EIA and nucleic acid detection was 95.87%. The coincidence rate between EAI and RIBA was 98.56% (137/139). The results of RIBA test showed that there were 98.54% (135/137) in the core area, followed by the NS3 area, and the lowest in the NS4 area (16.06%, 22/137). Conclusion In the laboratory testing of samples of intravenous drug users, the third generation of domestic EIA kit was used as screening test. The positive samples were directly tested for nucleic acid. RIBA could be considered as a cost-effective measure to reduce testing costs.