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目的分析2012—2015年新疆霍城县布鲁氏菌病疫情监测资料,为防治工作提供依据。方法根据流行病学接触史,凡有布鲁氏菌病可疑临床症状、体征与牲畜及畜产品接触密切的人群进行血清学检查,初筛实验采用平板凝集实验(PAT)或虎红平板凝集实验(RBPT),阳性或可疑者进行试管凝集试验(SAT),SAT阳性或可疑样品进一步做抗人球蛋白凝集试验(Coomb’s)。结果 2012—2015年共检测血清14 178人份,阳性2 391份、阳性率16.86%,2013年阳性率最高,2015年最低,各年差异无统计学意义(χ2=12.00,P>0.05);男女发病比为3.66∶1,男性阳性率明显高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.42,P<0.05);全年各月均有发病,以5—7月发病最高,发病率分别为0.114%、0.123%和0.101%,1月发病最少、发病率0.011%;30岁~组和40岁~组发病率最高,分别为0.163%和0.158%,各年龄组差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.74,P<0.05);以农、牧民发病为主,发病率分别为0.326%和0.116%,分别占总病例数的50.15%和17.90%,各职业间发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.43,P<0.05);发病率较高的地区分别是萨尔布拉克镇(0.102%)、兰干乡(0.083%)、清水镇(0.070%),占总患病率的39.31%,各乡镇差异无统计学意义(χ2=182,P>0.05)。结论霍城县人间布鲁氏菌病疫情形势严俊,需加强布鲁氏菌病防治知识的宣传、监测和防控。
Objective To analyze the surveillance data of brucellosis in Huocheng County of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2012 to 2015 and provide basis for prevention and control. Methods According to the history of epidemiological exposure, serological tests were conducted in those with suspicious clinical symptoms and signs of brucellosis who had close contact with livestock and livestock products. The preliminary screening experiments were carried out by plate agglutination test (PAT) or tiger red plate agglutination test (RBPT), test tube agglutination test (SAT) positive or suspicious persons, and SAT positive or suspicious samples for further anti-human globulin agglutination test (Coomb’s). Results A total of 14 178 serum samples were detected from 2012 to 2015, with a positive rate of 2.86%. The positive rate was 16.86%. The positive rate was highest in 2013 and the lowest in 2015, with no significant difference in each year (χ2 = 12.00, P> 0.05). Male to female incidence was 3.66: 1, the positive rate of males was significantly higher than that of females, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 8.42, P <0.05). The incidence of malaria in each month was the highest with the highest incidence in May-July The morbidity was 0.114%, 0.123% and 0.101% respectively. The morbidity was the least in January, with a morbidity of 0.011%. The morbidity was highest in groups of 30 years old and 40 years old (0.163% and 0.158%, respectively) χ2 = 9.74, P <0.05). The prevalence rates were 0.326% and 0.116% for peasants and herdsmen respectively, accounting for 50.15% and 17.90% of the total number of cases, respectively. The incidence rates among occupations were statistically significant ( (χ2 = 6.43, P <0.05). The areas with higher morbidity were Salbulak Town (0.102%), Lanqian Town (0.083%) and Qingshui Town (0.070%), accounting for 39.31% of the total. There was no significant difference among towns (χ2 = 182, P> 0.05). Conclusion The epidemic situation of human brucellosis in Huocheng County was strictly publicized, monitored and prevented.