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本报告以企业研发投入强度和人均人力资本投入强度为指标,构建了一个企业创新投入强度的二维评价模型。利用二维评价模型,我们对制造业上市企业整体及十五个细分行业进行了分类评价,得出各个制造业的企业创新投入强度及分布结构。评价结果显示,近几年来,我国制造业上市企业对研发投入的重视程度不断提高,总体研发强度稳步上升,由2012年的2.23%上升到2014年的2.62%,但企业对人力资本投入的重视还远远不够,是我国企业创新投入的一块短板。我国全部制造业上市企业中,强创新投入企业占23.1%,高研发投入企业占39.3%,高人力资本投入企业占11.3%,弱创新投入企业占26.3%。
This report builds a two-dimensional evaluation model of the strength of input in innovation by taking the intensity of R & D investment and the intensity of per capita human capital investment as indicators. Using the two-dimensional evaluation model, we classify the manufacturing listed companies as a whole and fifteen subdivided industries, and draw conclusions about the intensity and distribution structure of the enterprises’ innovation investment in each manufacturing sector. The evaluation results show that in recent years, the listed manufacturing enterprises in China have paid more attention to R & D investment. The overall R & D intensity has risen steadily from 2.23% in 2012 to 2.62% in 2014, but the importance attached by enterprises to human capital investment Is still not enough, is a short piece of investment in China’s business innovation. Among all the manufacturing listed companies in China, 23.1% are strongly innovative ones, 39.3% are high-R & D firms, 11.3% are high human capital firms and 26.3% are weak innovation ones.