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人与人之间的差异是客观存在的。一方面由于人们的先天禀赋不同,实践活动不同,心理品质会有所不同。另一方面,在实践领域中,各行各业对人才的要求又有所不同。因此,如何选才育才,因材施教;如何针对各个人的不同特点,扬长避短,知人善用,以期事得其人,人尽其才,才尽其用,提高绩效,这就成为一个不得不考虑的重要问题。例如,二十年代,美国飞行学员的平均淘汰率为65％,有一年甚至高达86％。经过分析,淘汰的原因多系心理因素所造成。后来(特别是第二次世界大战期间),他们加强了这方面的研究,编制并运用了飞行员心理量表,从而使飞行学员的淘汰率下降到36％。在今天的信息社会,知识急骤增长,职业条件日渐变化,这一问题就越来越显得重要。特别是我国,正处在改革之际,对人才
The difference between people is an objective reality. On the one hand, due to different innate endowments of people and different practice activities, psychological quality will be different. On the other hand, in the field of practice, the demand for talent in all walks of life is different. Therefore, how to select and educate talents and teach students according to their aptitude? How to take advantage of different characteristics of individual people to avoid weaknesses and make good use of them so as to make the best use of them and make the best use of them to improve their performance? This has become an important issue that one has to consider. For example, in the 1920s, average flight attendance rates for U.S. pilots were 65%, even up to 86% a year. After analysis, many of the reasons for the elimination of psychological factors. Later (especially during World War II), they stepped up research in this area and developed and implemented a Pilot Mental Scale that reduced flight-taker out-rates to 36%. In today’s information society, the rapid growth of knowledge and the changing conditions of employment make this problem more and more important. Especially in our country, we are at the moment of reform and talent