What Will the Winter Games Bring to China?

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  Nothing would have made China happier than knowing that the International Olympic Committee (IOC) has awarded the 2022 Winter Olympic Games to Beijing at its 128th session in Kuala Lumpur on July 31, 2015.
  Seven years after hosting what then IOC president Jacques Rogge called an “exceptional” Summer Olympics, Beijing won the bid to host the winter version with its neighboring city Zhangjiakou. Chongli, a county under the jurisdiction of Zhangjiakou City, will host some of the skiing events.
  So what will the Winter Games bring to China?
   Better Environment and Transportation


  Efforts to curb pollution before the 2008 Games dramatically improved the air quality in Beijing. And this time, the Win-ter Olympic Games will push Beijing to reduce pollution and improve the air quality more effectively.
  Such efforts will not only be made in Beijing but in the neighboring Hebei province and Tianjin municipality as well, as suggested by a development action plan to integrate the three places. Hopefully, blue skies will become a regular feature even after the Games.
  Although Beijing is the host city of the 2022 Winter Games, the Chongli county of Zhangjiakou in Hebei will host some of the snow events.
  A nonstop train to link Beijing and Zhangjiakou Olympic villages will be built. At a news conference in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Beijing’s bid officials stated that it will take about 70 minutes for athletes and 80 minutes for journalists to reach the Olympic Village in Zhangjiakou’s Chongli County from Beijing’s equivalent.
  The high-speed rail or Beijing-Chongli route is nonstop and takes 52.5 minutes during the Games.
  Bid spokeswoman Wang Hui told the media briefing that interview rooms with WiFi connection on the train will provide convenience for reporters.
   Boost the business of guesthouses
  Winning the bid to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games means there will be more travelers and skiers in Chongli County, which the locals expect will boost the business of guesthouses.
  Liu Chunzhi, a 48-year-old woman of Huangtuzui, in Zhangjiakou’s Chongli County, runs a nongjiayuan, or a familystyle countryside guesthouse.
  Her guesthouse, opened in 2008, is about 4 km from the Wanlong Ski Resort in Chongli, which will be a mountain venue for the Winter Games.
  Vacationers who come to ski at the resort in winter are regular visitors to Liu’s guesthouse.   “A dozen South Korean ski enthusiasts often drove here from Tianjin on winter weekends,” said Liu, adding that her house is located in the closest village to the ski resort.
  The guests usually arrive at midnight on Fridays because of the six-hour drive that they have to make from Tianjin after work.
  “After arriving, they can enjoy my delicious homemade dishes,” said Liu, adding that hotels could not make food for them so late.


  Liu said that the normal temperature in Chongli in the summer is about 26 C in the daytime, while in neighboring cities like Beijing or Shijiazhuang, the capital of Hebei, it can reach 36 C or even higher in summer.
  Liu’s guesthouse has 15 rooms, which can accommodate 30 guests at most.
  The price for a room ranges from 60 Yuan ($10) to 160 Yuan depending on how long the guests stay.
  She said, “In recent years, I have been able to earn about 100,000 Yuan a year, which is much more than what I made when I was a waitress.”
  Before she opened the guesthouse seven years ago, Liu was a waitress at Chongli restaurants, where she only earned about 500 Yuan a month.
  “The ski resort has changed my life,” said Liu. “My parents are very satisfied and even proud because they’ve seen my guesthouse flourishing, and Chongli has become very famous.”
  She is one among scores of farmers in the county who have opened nongjiayuans after Beijing and Zhangjiakou’s bid for Winter Games gained repute for the small county.
  According to the country’s travel and tourism department, there are now more than 100 guesthouses and 23 prime hotels in Chongli, according to the county’s travel and tourism department.
  In 2014, 2.01 million visitors went to Chongli, which is a 27.9 percent increase when compared to the previous year.
   Social Impact: boost regional links, create jobs
  The Olympic village in Zhangjiakou is in a key area of the local ski industry, a fact which has proved to be a worry to native villagers as they fear they could be relocated.
  Gui Lin, director of facility planning on the Beijing Winter Olympic Games Committee, said relocation work was written into the urban development plan two years ago and that some villages completed relocation before Zhangjiakou’s joint bid with Beijing was made.
  Giu said that all villagers would have been relocated regardless of whether there was a Games bid.   Relocation could help improve living standards of villagers and provide more job opportunities. A source stated that the move will be finished in five to ten years.
  Song Qiang, an environmental expert, said the sustainable concept in Beijing’s Winter Games bid is not only reflected in environmental protection, but also in social impact. Song said,“We will take care of their rights and give them enough compensation as is guaranteed by national laws and local regulations.”
  Bid officials said winning the hosting rights for the 2022 Winter Olympics will fuel regional integration between Beijing, Tianjin and the Hebei province. This is especially true in areas such as transportation, air pollution control and tourism.
  According to Wang Anshun, Beijing’s mayor, the fact that Beijing is hosting the Games with Zhangjiakou in Hebei fits nicely with the national project to pursue integrated development between the three areas.
  Wang said on Friday that a successful bid would greatly fuel the industrial structure of the combined region by offering improved infrastructure facilities.


  Wang stated that the joint rights would also require closer cooperation between the two host cities, advanced efforts to control air pollution, a boost in winter sports, and a boost in related industries and tourism, which could create more jobs and improve residents’ livelihoods.
  China has designated three venue clusters in downtown Beijing, the Yanqing county and Zhangjiakou.
  All the ice events, including speed skating, ice hockey and curling will be held in downtown Beijing. A Nordic and Biathlon Center will be built in Zhangjiakou, and an Alpine Ski Center will be built in Yanqing County in northwest Beijing.
  According to a report by the Hebei Academy of Social Sciences, a successful bid means that Zhangjiakou will prepare for the Games by creating more than 400,000 jobs for local residents before 2022.
  He Jianghai, deputy Party chief of Zhangjiakou, told the media that “The per capita income of residents in Chongli County reached 6,840 Yuan ($1,115) last year and that of those living near the ski resorts was higher – it was more than 40,000 Yuan.”
  According to He, more than 20,000 local residents joined the booming tourism and related industries last year, which accounted for one-sixth of the county’s population.
  He added that thecounty has built a digital urban management center and will promote transportation, entertainment, healthcare facilities and other services for residents.   Construction of a high-speed rail link between Beijing and Zhangjiakou has been speeded up and is scheduled for completion by 2019.
  According to the national economic planner, 1,500 km of rail line will be operating in the region within five years, placing it among the highest regional concentrations of rail lines globally, a fact that will help with exchanges between residents and businesses.
  According to Wang Hui, the deputy secretary-general and spokeswoman for the Beijing 2022 bid committee, the joint bid will also promote the dual control of air pollution.
   The Rise of Chongli, Hebei
  Chongli, a small county resting by the Great Wall and snow-capped mountain ridges in winter time, is suddenly under the global spotlight.
  The once tenuous connection between residents in the obscure county and the world’s top sporting event has suddenly grown more tangible.
  On July 31 in the afternoon, thousands of Chongli residents gathered at a square often used for award ceremonies to see if the IOC would bring the games to their mountainous county. All eyes were on a giant screen live streaming the IOC meeting that was being held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  Shi Fu, a 62-year-old local, said he was proud to be part of an “once-in-a-lifetime victory.”
  Zhang Linhai, who runs a tire workshop in Chongli, said the Olympics would bring him “more friends that share a passion for skiing.”
  “I am too old for skiing,” 62-year-old Chang Shiyuan said,“but I think the Olympic spirit will make me spend less time at the mahjong table and more time at the gym.”
  Wu Yong, a 40-year-old farmer, hopes skiing can become more affordable.
  She said, “I have never skied but with the Winter Olympics coming, I really want to go with my son. I just hope the ski resort can charge less. The money my husband and I make in the slack farming season can hardly stretch to lessons.”
  The local government is hoping the Winter Olympics can drive economic growth in Chongli, which was only removed from a list of China’s poorest counties last year.
  A transition is already taking place. Chongli has been mining its mineral reserves for income. Many of these mines are now closing and the miners are now finding work in tourism.
  Liu Chunzhi, from a town affiliated with the county, has converted her courtyard to a restaurant and guesthouse for tourists that want to escape the heat during the summer and go skiing in the winter.   “I make 100,000 Yuan each year, and my son, working as a ski tutor, earns 40,000. The Olympics will bring more business to us,” Liu predicted.
  For now, Chongli is bathed in the joy of bringing home the world’s top sporting event, but as the initial euphoria fades, the local government faces a daunting task of measuring up to Beijing’s 2008 success.
  “We have never received so much attention before. There is so much to do and we have so much to learn,” said a village official.
   The Rise of Zhangjiakou
  Zhangjiakou entered the international spotlight after jointly applying to hold the 2022 Olympic Winter Games with Beijing.
  Zhangjiakou is about 200 kilometers to the northwest of Beijing and Tianjin, two of the largest cities in China, but it is largely unknown to foreigners.
  Zhangjiakou has abundant wind, solar and biomass re-sources and has set a goal to establish a world leading “lowcarbon Olympic zone”.
  According to a development plan approved by the State Council, China’s Cabinet, the city aims to increase renewable energy generation of its total electricity consumption to 55 percent by 2020..
  Zhangjiakou has long been a crossroads in China, connecting the Han people in the south, Mongolian people in the north, Muslim people in the west and Manchurian people in the east.
  The city was a melting pot of different cultures and its financial sector, with the private banks as the representative, boomed.
  The Great Wall was built during eight dynasties by 10 states since the Warring States Period (475-221BC) across Zhangjiakou’s territory and served as a defense when necessary.
  The rise of China’s international maritime trade after the early 19th century represented the beginning of Zhangjiakou’s decline as an inland trade center.
  The railway was the main transport channel to get the coal produced in the Shanxi province to Bohai Bay. It was the first railway designed and built by the Chinese and was considered a construction wonder because of the complicated landforms it had to cross.
  Internationally known as Kalgan, Zhangjiakou had a thriving economy, and was one of China’s most important cities in the late Qing dynasty (1644-1911) and after the 1920s.
  After the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, Zhangjiakou didn’t adopt the reform and opening-up policy due to its vital military position in the country, which to some extent affected its economic development.   From the late 1990s, East and Central China transformed its economic growth model in an environmentally friendly way, which gave Zhangjiakou another chance to boost its green economy.
  Regions with well-preserved ecology and new energy potential in wind and solar power, like Zhangjiakou, have become the focus of government plans.
  Zhangjiakou’s landscape is diverse as it is perched on the transition zone between the North China Plains in the south and the Mongolian Plateau grasslands in the north.
  Zhangjiakou is home to 4.68 million residents and boasts the cleanest air in North China.
  Its forest coverage rate is about 37 percent, which is much higher than the national average of 20 percent.
  Beijing and the Heibei province spent more than 10 billion Yuan ($1.7 billion dollars) to build a cloud computing industry park in Zhangjiakou, which is the largest cloud computing and data center industry base in North China.
  New energy industries, such as solar power and wind power, are key industries for Zhangjiakou.
  The city is also building China’s largest photovoltaic power generation project, which has a 9.2-million-kilowatt capacity, and one of the country’s largest wind power plants, which has a 6-million-kilowatt capacity.
  The pollution-free vegetable and grain production and processing industries in Zhangjiakou take advantage of the large consumption markets in Beijing and Tianjin.
  Tourism and wine have also become pillar industries of Zhangjiakou. Last year, the city’s gross domestic product was 130 billion Yuan, which marked an annual 8 percent growth, and the average annual capita GDP was about $4,800. The fast development of environmentally friendly industries has helped Zhangjiakou become a functional area for water resources along the Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei economic belt and also an ecological safeguard for Beijing.
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