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在知识产权领域,欧共体是统一各成员国法律起步最早的地区。其专利一体化的进程始于1963年(但由于《共同体专利公约》一直未生效而未能完成这一进程)。近年,欧共体统一知识产权法,更多地采用“指令”与“条例”,而不是地区性的“公约”。当然,这几种“跨国法”具有大致相近的效力。一、欧共体跨国法的立法体系在1957年缔结(1986年修订)的《欧洲经济共同体罗马条约》的基础上,欧共体建立起的立法及与立法有关的机构有:
In the field of intellectual property, the EC is the earliest area to unify the laws of all member states. The process of patent integration began in 1963 (but failed to complete the process because the Community Patent Convention remained in force). In recent years, the European Community has consolidated its intellectual property laws by adopting “directives” and “regulations” more than regional conventions. Of course, these “transnational laws” have broadly similar validity. I. The Legislative System of the EC’s Transnational Laws The EC legislation and legislation-related institutions, on the basis of the “Treaty of Rome of the European Economic Community” concluded in 1957 (as amended in 1986)