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汕头是著名侨乡,商贸发达,自然条件好,历史文化悠久。1979年7月,中共中央、国务院决定在汕头划出一定区域兴办经济特区。 1983年汕头地区与汕头市机构合并,实行市管县体制,汕头市辖一市八县、六个市辖区和汕头经济特区。1991年11月,经国务院批准,汕头特区范围扩大至整个市区。同年12月,国务院又批准潮汕行政区划调整,另设立揭阳市(地级),潮州市升格为地级市。现汕头市辖龙湖、金园、升平、达濠、河浦五个县级区和南澳县,代管潮阳市、澄海市。 汕头经济特区从1981年起步建设至今,大体上可以分为三个发展阶段:
Shantou is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese, developed commerce, good natural conditions, long history and culture. In July 1979, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council decided to draw up a certain area in Shantou to set up a special economic zone. In 1983, Shantou merged with Shantou institutions to implement the system of city control and administration. Shantou administered one city with eight counties, six municipal districts and Shantou SEZ. In November 1991, with the approval of the State Council, the scope of Shantou Special Economic Zone was expanded to cover the entire urban area. In December the same year, the State Council approved the adjustment of the administrative division of Chaoshan. Another city of Jieyang (prefecture level) was established and Chaozhou was upgraded to a prefecture-level city. Shantou is now under the jurisdiction of Longhu, Golden Park, Shengping, Damco, Hepu five county-level area and Nan’ao County, hosting Chaoyang City, Chenghai City. Since Shantou SEZ started its construction in 1981 up to now, it can be divided into three stages: