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人与自然的和谐和人与自然及动物的冲突,是生态文学动物叙事中典型的两种风格。和谐型是通过文学作品的塑造,使人类脱离了对动物及大自然的利用与索取,发自内心真诚地爱惜动物的生命和宝贵的自然资源。动物及自然万物在人类眼中都有其存在的自然价值及权利,在生态伦理观念转变的过程中,人类赋予自然万物强烈的生命意识。冲突型通过对人与动物、人与自然对立冲撞关系的描摹,揭示当下人类中心主义与生态和谐整体观,人类伦理世界与生态文明伦理世界的矛盾与冲突,进而呼吁人类赋予动物自然生命与道德地位,尽可能地脱离人类中心主义,将人类自身与动物及自然万物视为平等,与自然万物建立起和谐共生、积极合作、健康竞争的关系。
The harmony between man and nature and the conflict between man and nature and animal are two typical styles in animal narrative of ecological literature. Harmony through the creation of literary works, so that human beings from the use of animals and nature and access, from the heart sincerely cherish animal life and precious natural resources. All animals and nature have the natural value and right of existence in the eyes of human beings. In the process of changing the concept of ecological ethics, human beings give strong sense of life to all things. Conflict reveals the contradictions and conflicts between anthropocentrism and ecological harmony, the human ethics world and the ethical world of ecological civilization through the tracing of the collision between man and animal, the antagonism between man and nature, and then urges human beings to confer animal’s natural life and morality As far as possible from the anthropocentrism, human beings and animals and nature as all things equal, and all things in nature to establish a harmonious coexistence, active cooperation and healthy competition.