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一、测量方法分类在生产实践中不直度的测量方法很多,但为了便于掌握其计算方法,进行精度分析和其它研究,我们应将这些方法进行分类。看来,我们可以撇开具体的测量仪器和工具,根据被测量(不直度)与观测量的数学关系进行分类。目前见到的一些不直度测量方法,按上述分类原则,大致可分为“线值法”、“截距法”和“三点法”三种。“线值法”是指用某种工具或液面、光线等,在被测形状附近建立一测量基准,用仪器读出被测直线与测量基准之间的相对距离,来进行不直度测量的方法。象用绷紧的钢丝和读数显微镜装置测量长导轨在水平面内不直度的方法。此外,还有文献中所介绍的用干涉直线规、激光直线性检查仪、光学直线规和电容直线性检查仪等的测量方法。
First, the measurement method classification In the production practice is not straightforward measurement of many ways, but in order to facilitate the mastery of its calculation methods, precision analysis and other studies, we should classify these methods. It seems that we can put aside the specific measurement instruments and tools, according to the measured (not straightness) and the mathematical relationship between the classification. At present, some non-straightness measurement methods are classified into three categories: “line value method”, “intercept method” and “three-point method” according to the above classification principles. “Line method” refers to the use of some kind of tool or liquid level, light, etc., in the vicinity of the measured shape to establish a measurement, the instrument read out the measured line and the relative distance between the measurement basis, to make straightness measurement Methods. Methods of measuring the straightness of a long rail in a horizontal plane using tightened wires and reading microscope devices. In addition, the literature describes the use of interferometry, laser linearity tester, optical linear gauge and capacitive linearity tester and other measurement methods.