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目的调查分析开封地区糖尿病的流行情况,为控制糖尿病和制定相应的预防措施提供科学依据。方法采用随机抽样和方便抽样相结合的抽样方法,抽取开封市五区四县辖区内常住居民成年人群为研究对象,以中华医学会糖尿病学分会发布的糖尿病和代谢综合征随访问卷为基础编制调查表,调查表主要包括人口统计学特征、一般情况、生活方式及饮食情况、文化程度、家庭收入、主要疾病诊断及治疗情况等,对其特点进行统计分析。结果开封地区糖尿病发病率11.30%,男女比率相当,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),患者的平均发病年龄为(47.7±12.8)岁。老年人所占比例最高,年龄分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。糖尿病发病率城区明显高于县镇,其发病受文化程度、家庭年收入、吸烟、BMI及是否患高血压等因素影响较大。结论文化程度、家庭年收入、吸烟是开封地区糖尿病患病的最主要危险因素。
Objective To investigate and analyze the prevalence of diabetes in Kaifeng area and provide a scientific basis for controlling diabetes and developing corresponding preventive measures. Methods A random sample and a sample of convenience sampling method were used to select adult residents in five districts and four counties in Kaifeng City as the research object. Based on the follow-up questionnaire of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome issued by the Diabetes Branch of Chinese Medical Association Table, the questionnaire includes demographic characteristics, general conditions, lifestyle and diet, educational level, family income, the diagnosis and treatment of major diseases, etc., the statistical analysis of its characteristics. Results The incidence of diabetes in Kaifeng was 11.30%. There was no significant difference between men and women (P> 0.05). The mean age of onset was 47.7 ± 12.8 years. The elderly accounted for the highest proportion of age distribution differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The incidence of diabetes mellitus was significantly higher than that of the county town. The incidence of diabetes mellitus was significantly affected by educational level, family income, smoking, BMI and whether or not suffering from hypertension. Conclusion The education level, annual family income and smoking are the most important risk factors of diabetes in Kaifeng area.