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利用地统计学,结合地理信息系统(GIS),在面积约为400 km2的伊犁河谷典型研究区总共布设了土壤取样点60个,测定土壤表层(0~20 cm)总盐分及其组成(Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+、SO42-、Cl-、CO32-、HCO3-)的空间变异性规律。结果表明:总盐分,Ca2+,HCO3-为正态分布,其余盐分离子符合对数正态分布;变异函数分析得出总盐分符合球状模型,Mg2+、K+、Na+、Cl-、SO42-、CO32-、Ca2+符合高斯模型,而HCO3-则是纯块金效应;盐分离子的变程在3.5~22.1 km之间;除了土壤总盐分(强烈自相关)其余盐分离子均表现为中等强度的空间自相关,但程度有所差异。用Kriging插值法对未测点的盐分离子进行最优估计,绘制含量分布图,从而可以更直观地反映研究区土壤盐分离子的空间变异特征。
Using geostatistics and GIS, 60 soil sampling sites were set up in a typical study area of Ili valley with an area of about 400 km2. Total salt and its composition (Ca2 + , Mg2 +, K +, Na +, SO42-, Cl-, CO32-, HCO3-). The results showed that the total salt, Ca2 + and HCO3- were normal distribution, while the other salt ions were in logarithmic normal distribution. The analysis of variance function showed that the total salt content was in accordance with the spherical model, Mg2 +, K +, Na +, Cl-, SO42-, CO32- , Ca2 + is Gaussian model, while HCO3- is pure gold effect. Salt ions have a range of 3.5 ~ 22.1 km. Except soil total salt (strong autocorrelation), other salt ions show moderate intensity of spatial autocorrelation , But the degree is different. The Kriging interpolation method is used to estimate the salt ion of unmeasured point and draw the content distribution map, which can more directly reflect the spatial variability of soil salt ions in the study area.