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日本每年因肝脏病死亡约4万人,多为重症肝炎、肝硬变、肝癌,其中也包括少数先天性胆道闭锁、先天性代谢病等。对所谓晚期肝脏病的治疗,在欧美国家普及肝脏移植。病因虽以肝炎病毒为主,但最近与HBV(乙型肝炎病毒)相关的比例下降,而非甲非乙型肝炎病毒增加。另外,重症酒精性肝炎也有所增加。近来,由于乙型肝炎病毒疫苗的应用,甲型肝炎病毒疫苗人体接种的实验,肝炎的一级预防已成为可能。但尚须探讨公共卫生学方面的问题。一、乙型及非甲非乙型肝炎病毒过去检查HBV-DNA的Southern blot法敏感性不够,0.1～1.0pg(病毒粒子10~5个)以下即不能检出。最近应用聚合酶反应(PCR)将极微量的DNA预
Japan each year about 40,000 deaths due to liver disease, mostly severe hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver cancer, which also includes a few congenital biliary atresia, congenital metabolic diseases. The so-called treatment of advanced liver disease, liver transplantation in Europe and the United States universal. Although the cause of hepatitis virus-based, but recently with the proportion of HBV (Hepatitis B virus) decreased, while non-A non-Hepatitis B virus increased. In addition, severe alcoholic hepatitis has also increased. Recently, due to the application of the hepatitis B virus vaccine, hepatitis A virus vaccine human inoculation experiments, primary prevention of hepatitis has become possible. However, public health issues still need to be explored. A, B and non-A non-Hepatitis B virus HBV-DNA in the past to check the sensitivity of the Southern blot is not enough, 0.1 ~ 1.0pg (virus particles 10 to 5) the following can not be detected. The recent application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) will be a very small amount of DNA pre-