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目的了解肠道病毒71型(EV71)灭活疫苗上市后接种的影响因素。方法采用1∶1配对病例对照研究方法在广州市海珠区选取5个街道共抽取400名6-35月龄已接种EV71疫苗儿童的家长作为已种组,选取400名同龄未种儿童的家长作为未种组,进行问卷调查,分析接种的影响因素。结果在接种组中,儿童接种EV71疫苗的原因主要是家长相信疫苗效果好(58.75%)、接种医生安排或推荐(36.75%)、认为感染手足口病(HFMD)重症风险较高(13.00%)、儿童无HFMD感染史(12.00%);在未接种组中,儿童未接种EV71疫苗的主要原因是家长认为感染HFMD重症风险较低(32.75%)、觉得疫苗效果不好(29.25%)、担心疫苗不安全(28.25%)、疫苗价格贵(19.75%)、儿童有HFMD感染史(18.25%)。多因素分析显示,疫苗安全性认知、疫苗预防HFMD效果认知、接种医生安排或推荐、EV71与HFMD关系认知、儿童HFMD史是影响接种EV71疫苗的显著因素。结论儿童接种EV71疫苗受多种因素影响,应加强EV71疫苗接种的公众宣传和知情告知工作。。
Objective To understand the influencing factors of inoculation after enteric vaccination of enterovirus 71 (EV71). Methods A 1: 1 paired case-control study was conducted to select 400 parents of 6-to-35-month-old EV71 vaccinated children who had been vaccinated in five streets in Haizhu District, Guangzhou. Uncategorized group, conducted a questionnaire survey, analysis of the impact of vaccination. Results In the vaccination group, the main reason for vaccination of children with EV71 vaccine was that parents believed the vaccines were effective (58.75%) and those arranged or recommended by vaccinated doctors (36.75%) were considered as having a higher risk of HFMD (13.00%), (12.00%). In the unvaccinated group, the main reason that the children were not vaccinated with EV71 vaccine was the low risk (32.75%) of parents think the risk of HFMD infection was low, the vaccine was not effective (29.25%), worried Vaccines are unsafe (28.25%), vaccines are expensive (19.75%) and children have a history of HFMD (18.25%). Multivariate analysis showed that vaccine safety cognition, vaccine prevention HFMD effect cognition, inoculation doctor arrangement or recommendation, EV71 and HFMD cognition, and childhood HFMD history were the significant factors influencing vaccination of EV71 vaccine. Conclusion EV71 vaccination of children affected by many factors, should strengthen the EV71 vaccination publicity and informed notification. .