有突出和冲击危险的煤层的开采工艺

• 作 者: И.М.别杜霍夫 张慧枫
• 机 构: 苏联
• 出 处: 煤炭技术
• 发表日期: 1986年04期
• 关键词: 煤层 冲击地压 开采工艺 顿巴斯 瓦斯突出事故 煤田 瓦斯事故 煤炭生产 联合公司 卡拉干达

150年来各国开采煤田时防止突出和冲击地压一直是迫切的问题。二十世纪初,苏联就对最初的煤和瓦斯事故有过记载(在顿巴斯)。40年代出现了冲击地压事故(顿巴斯)。 到目前为止,顿涅茨、库兹涅茨、卡拉干达、伯绍尔及远东煤田各矿井已记载近6千次煤和瓦斯突出事故,其中一半以上的事故是在振动爆破作业过程中发生的(图1)。对于各煤炭生产联合公司开采有危险和有威胁的煤层以及开采预测的煤层的200多座矿井来说,防止煤和瓦斯突出是更为迫切的

It has always been an urgent issue to prevent overhaul and rockburst during the past 150 years when countries are exploiting coal fields. In the early twentieth century, the Soviet Union documented the first coal and gas accidents (at Donbass). In the 40s there was a rock burst (Donbas). To date, nearly 6,000 coal and gas outburst accidents have been documented in Donets, Kuznets, Karaganda, Basuall and Far East coal mines, and more than half of these accidents have occurred during vibration blasting operations (Figure 1). Preventing coal and gas outbursts is even more urgent for coal mining joint ventures to mine dangerous and threatening coal seams and more than 200 mines for the production of predicted coal seams