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背景:作为一种重要的应激源,战备会给士兵的心理健康产生很大影响,因此,相关研究具有重大的理论价值和实践价值。目的:调查战备应激情境中士兵的心理健康状况,为士兵心理危机的干预提供可靠的依据。设计:抽样调查。单位:衡阳师范学院教育科学系和第二炮兵指挥学院。对象:调查于2002-06在第二炮兵指挥学院完成。选择第二炮兵某部65名士兵为调查对象,均为男性,年龄18～30岁,平均年龄22.1岁。方法:运用90项症状自评量表进行团体测试;在统一指导用语下,士兵根据最近一周内的自我感觉答题,独立完成,当场收卷。结果数据运用光电阅读机输入计算机心理测评工具箱系统进行总分和因子分的统计。量表中没有回答的项目记为“没有”,但如有5个以上项目未答,则该问卷视为无效而不进行分析。总分低于95分的问卷意味着回答缺乏可靠性也弃置不用。所有数据输入电脑后用SPSS11.0软件进行统计分析;群体差异比较用t检验。结果:65名调查对象均进入结果分析。90项症状自评量表调查结果显示:①受测士兵的躯体化、人际敏感因子分显著高于中国成人男性常模和中国军人男性常模｛[(1.80±0.49,1.38±0.49,1.57±0.58),(t=6.462和3.108,P<0.001)];[(1.96±0.51,1.66±0.64,1.78±0.61),(t=3.571和2.308,P<0.001)]｝。②受测士兵的抑郁、恐怖因子分显著高于中国成人男性常模和中国军人男性常模｛[(1.96±0.70,1.51±0.60,1.64±0.60),(t=5.432和4.026,P<0.001)];[(1.46±0.40,1.23±0.37,1.34±0.45),(t=4.600和2.069,P<0.01)]｝。结论:在战备应激情境中,士兵的心理反应更加敏感,他们的心理健康状况比一般人群差,但是出现严重心理障碍的士兵尚为少数。
Background: As an important source of stress, war preparedness will have a great impact on the mental health of soldiers. Therefore, the relevant research has great theoretical and practical value. Objective: To investigate the mental health status of soldiers in combat-readying stress situations and provide a reliable basis for intervention of soldiers psychological crisis. Design: sample survey. Unit: Hengyang Teachers College Department of Educational Science and the Second Artillery Command College. Object: The survey was completed at the Second Artillery Command College in June 2002. Select a 65th soldier in the Second Artillery Corps as a survey object, all men, aged 18 to 30 years old, with an average age of 22.1 years old. Methods: Ninety self-rating Symptom Checks were used to carry out group tests. Under the unified instructional terminology, soldiers finished the work independently and rewound on the spot according to the self-feeling questions in the recent week. The results of the data using the optical reader into the computer psychological evaluation toolbox system for total score and factor statistics. Items that were not answered in the scale were recorded as “no”, but if more than 5 items were not answered, the questionnaire was considered invalid and not analyzed. A questionnaire with an overall score of less than 95 points means that the answer to the lack of reliability is also discarded. All data were input into the computer and then analyzed by SPSS11.0 software. Group differences were compared by t-test. Results: All 65 respondents entered the result analysis. The results of 90 self-assessment of symptom questionnaires showed that: (1) Somatization and interpersonal sensitivity factor scores of the tested soldiers were significantly higher than those of the male and the Chinese men in China ([1.80 ± 0.49,1.38 ± 0.49,1.57 ± 0.58, t = 6.462 and 3.108, P <0.001)]; [(1.96 ± 0.51,1.66 ± 0.64,1.78 ± 0.61), (t = 3.571 and 2.308, P <0.001)]}. (2) The depression and terrorist scores of the tested soldiers were significantly higher than those of the Chinese male norm and the Chinese male (P <0.001) ([1.96 ± 0.70,1.51 ± 0.60,1.64 ± 0.60, t = 5.432 and 4.026 )]; [(1.46 ± 0.40, 1.23 ± 0.37, 1.34 ± 0.45), (t = 4.600 and 2.069, P <0.01)]}. CONCLUSIONS: Soldiers respond more psychologically to combat stress conditions. Their mental health status is worse than that of the general population, but there are still a few soldiers who have serious psychological disabilities.