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本文从当代科幻小说的角度考察后人道主义,分析了金·史丹利·罗宾逊的《火星三部曲》和保罗·巴奇加卢比的《发条女孩》两个案例。本文认为将理性人主体作为自由行动者的笛卡尔范式近来受到的压力渐增,并且正在被后人道主义所取代。科幻小说这种题材的叙述范围可以大到深入星际,将我们人类置于它所营造的生态和物质语境中,这种做法允许了在不违背人类常识的情况下对人类进行的技术改造。因此,科幻小说就成为了对当代文化中的后人道主义进行马克思主义分析的理想载体。
This article examines post-humanitarianism from the perspective of contemporary science fiction. It analyzes two cases of King Stanley Robinson’s Mars trilogy and Paul Bachigarh’s Clockwork Girl. This paper argues that the Cartesian paradigm, which includes rational human subjects as free agents, has recently been under increasing pressure and is being replaced by post-humanitarianism. The narratives of science fiction novels range from deep into interstellar lines, placing our human beings in the ecological and material contexts it creates, a practice that allows technological transformation of humans without violating human common sense. Therefore, science fiction has become the ideal vehicle for carrying out Marxist analysis of post-humanitarianism in contemporary culture.