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以232个协青早A/B456///协青早A/B456∥B456植株组成的分离群体为材料,调查花粉可育率和自交结实率,并采用121个在染色体上分布比较均匀的SSR多态性标记进行QTL检测。发现22个SSR标记分别与10个花粉育性位点连锁,分布于第2,5,6,8,10,12染色体上;28个标记分别与16个小穗育性位点连锁,分布于第1,2,4,5,6,8,10和11染色体上;13个标记同时与花粉育性和小穗育性连锁,小穗育性与花粉育性QTL差异是花粉可育度和自交结实率不平行性的遗传基础。各可育位点对花粉育性和小穗育性的提高效应比较小,为微效基因,但每个花粉育性位点的存在都可导致不育系败育不彻底。协青早A中发现1个花粉可育位点Pf 5-1,与分子标记Bm 55和Rm 13紧密连锁,进行分子标记辅助选择,可能排除协青早A的微效恢复基因(可育位点),达到完全不育。协青早A存在8个小穗育性位点,能够提高自交结实率,有助于杂种F1结实率的提高,有利于提高不育系的可恢复性。多数微效恢复基因显示为部分隐性或隐性,是水稻质核互作雄性不育系选育难的重要原因。采用不育系/拟用亲本∥保持系/拟用亲本的方式,观察杂种育性分离,可对拟用亲本的微效恢复基因有所了解,用保持系/部分保持系∥保持系的方式可提高微效恢复基因排除的效率。
Two hundred and seventy-four progenies of Xieqingzao A / B456 // / Xieqingzao A / B456 // B456 were used as materials to investigate the pollen fertility rate and selfed seed setting rate. 121 chromosomes SSR polymorphism markers QTL detection. Twenty-two SSR markers were found to be linked to 10 pollen fertility loci respectively on chromosomes 2, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 12. 28 markers were linked to 16 spikelet fertility loci 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 11 chromosomes; 13 markers were linked to both pollen fertility and spikelet fertility at the same time. The differences of QTLs between spikelet fertility and pollen fertility were pollen fertility and The genetic basis of self-fertility and non-parallelism. The improvement effect of each fertile locus on pollen fertility and spikelet fertility was minor, which was a minor gene. However, the presence of each pollen fertility locus could lead to incomplete abortion of sterile lines. A pollen-fertile locus, Pf 5-1, was found in Xieqingzao A and closely linked with the molecular markers Bm 55 and Rm 13 for molecular marker-assisted selection, possibly excluding the microsatellite recovery genes of Xieqingzao A Point), to achieve complete infertility. There are 8 spikelet fertility loci in Xieqingzao A, which can increase the selfing rate, contribute to the improvement of seed setting rate of hybrid F1, and improve the recoverability of CMS lines. Most of the microsatellite restorer genes showed partial recessiveness or recessiveness, which is an important reason for the difficulty of breeding male-sterile CMS lines in rice. Adopting the CMS / plan to use the parent ∥ maintainer / parent to observe the segregation of the hybrid fertility, we can know about the mimetic restorer gene to be used in the parent and maintain the maintainer / partial maintainer ∥ Can improve the efficiency of micro-recovery gene exclusion.