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[目的]指导未来小麦生产和品种选育及推广。[方法]以山东省内若干年代25个主推冬小麦品种为研究对象,旨在表明高、低肥力条件下品种产量的演变规律,明确农艺性状与产量间的相关关系。[结果]不同肥力条件下产量提高趋势相同,各年代高肥产量较低肥产量增产程度不同;土壤肥力对穗粒数、穗数、50及60年代小麦产量无明显差异,对其他指标差异均达到显著水平,肥力与品种互作对穗数影响较大;不同肥力下产量构成因素间呈正相关性,表现为:穗数>千粒重>穗粒数;土壤肥力对穗长、小穗数有明显影响。[结论]维持较高的地力条件,可促进产量构成因素协调增长。
[Objective] To guide the future wheat production and breeding and promotion of varieties. [Method] Twenty-five winter wheat cultivars were introduced in Shandong province for the purpose of demonstrating the evolution of yield under high and low fertility conditions and clarifying the correlation between agronomic traits and yield. [Result] The yield increase trend was the same under different fertility conditions, and the yield of low fat and high fat yield was different in each age. The soil fertility had no significant difference on the number of grains per spike, the number of ears and the wheat yield in 50 and 60 years. Reached a significant level, and the interactions between fertility and breed had a significant effect on panicle number. There was a positive correlation between the yield components under different fertility, as follows: spike number> 1000-grain weight> number of spike grain; soil fertility had significant effect on panicle length and spikelet number . [Conclusion] Maintaining higher ground conditions can promote the coordinated growth of yield components.