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高缠绕叶轮流道的高效粗加工是提高整个叶轮加工效率和缩短生产周期的关键。针对高缠绕叶轮流道的粗加工,提出了一种4+1轴高效分段开槽方法。首先,给出了分段开槽加工方法的基本概念,并分析了高缠绕叶轮流道加工特点;然后,结合机床结构特征,给出了五轴机床在主轴摆角固定为常值时切削点处单点最大刀具尺寸的计算方法;基于各切削点加工特征参数的分析,采用聚类算法进行了叶轮流道加工分段区域的划分;最后,确定了各分段区域的可加工刀具尺寸和4+1形式的刀轴矢量。算例分析表明,提出的4+1轴分段开槽方法得到的开槽轨迹旋转轴变化均匀,材料去除量较传统开槽方法增加了32.5%,改善了切削过程稳定性,提高了叶轮的粗加工效率。
High-efficiency winding of impeller runner roughing is to improve the efficiency of the entire impeller and shorten the production cycle of the key. Aiming at the rough machining of high-winding impeller, a 4 + 1-axis high-efficiency sectional slotting method is proposed. First of all, the basic concept of sectioning and grooving is given, and the processing characteristics of the runner of the high-winding impeller are analyzed. Then, combined with the structural characteristics of the machine tool, Based on the analysis of machining parameters of each cutting point, the segmentation of the machining area of the impeller runner was carried out by using the clustering algorithm. Finally, the machining tool size and 4 + 1 form of the tool axis vector. The case study shows that the rotation axis of the slotted track obtained by the proposed 4 + 1-axis slotted slotting method changes uniformly and the amount of material removal is increased by 32.5% compared with the conventional slotting method, which improves the stability of the cutting process and improves the performance of the impeller Roughing efficiency.