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查尔斯·泰勒是当代政治思潮中社群主义的代表人物之一。在“原子主义”一文中,他将新自由主义所提倡的“权利的优先性”看作是一种无视于人的社会属性的原子式的虚构,而认为政治理论所面对的必须是具有社会性的人。本文旨在指明泰勒对于新自由主义的这种指责是不能成立的。首先,无论是古典自由主义,还是新自由主义都没有将人看作是孤立的、非社会的人。所谓“原子式”的人只是政治理论中一种建构性的设定。其次,政治理论并不同于对人的本体论的分析,不能将后者有效地作为前者的根据。如果这样做的话,不仅是无用的,而且有时甚至是危险的。
Charles Taylor is one of the representatives of communitarianism in contemporary political thoughts. In the article “Atomicism,” he regards the “priority of rights” advocated by neoliberalism as an atomic fiction that ignores the social attributes of human beings and argues that political theory must face the problem of having Social person. This article aims to show that Taylor’s allegation of neoliberalism can not be justified. First of all, neither classical liberal nor neo-liberalism treats human beings as isolated, non-social persons. The so-called “atomic” people are but one constructive setting in political theory. Second, political theory differs from the analysis of human ontology and can not effectively regard the latter as the basis for the former. If you do that, it’s not only useless, but sometimes dangerous.