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目的探讨母体铅染毒对其仔鼠学习记忆及海马中转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)mRNA和蛋白表达的影响,为进一步揭示铅的神经毒作用机制提供科学依据。方法采用自由饮水的方式于母鼠孕哺期染毒,染毒剂量分别为0.3、1、3 g/L,每组10只。在仔鼠出生后第7、第14、第21天分别测其血液和海马组织中铅的含量。在仔鼠21日龄时,用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和免疫组化方法分别测定不同剂量组海马组织中TGF-β1 mRNA和蛋白的表达。结果各剂量染铅组血液、海马组织中铅含量与对照组比较,明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),血液和海马组织的铅含量随着日龄的变化有一定的规律性。迷宫实验结果,低剂量组与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),中剂量组、高剂量组与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,染毒组海马TGF-β1 mRNA和蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.05)。结论母体铅暴露使铅在仔鼠体内蓄积,引起仔鼠学习记忆功能损害;铅所引起的神经毒性可能通过铅诱导TGF-β1 mRNA和蛋白的高表达,引起一些信号传导通路的改变,造成神经损害。
Objective To investigate the effect of maternal lead exposure on the learning and memory and the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA and protein in hippocampus of pregnant rats and to provide a scientific basis for further revealing the neurotoxic mechanism of lead. Methods The method of free drinking water was adopted during pregnancy and lactation in female rats. The doses were 0.3, 1 and 3 g / L, 10 in each group. The levels of lead in the blood and hippocampus were measured on the 7th, 14th and 21st days after birth. At 21 days of age, the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA and protein in hippocampus of different dose groups were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Results The levels of lead in blood and hippocampus in each dose of lead exposure group were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.05). There was a certain regularity of lead content in blood and hippocampus with age change Sex. The results of maze test showed that there was no significant difference between the low dose group and the control group (P> 0.05). The difference between the middle dose group and the high dose group was significant (P <0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA and protein in the hippocampus of the exposed group was significantly increased (P <0.05). Conclusion Lead exposure accumulates lead in the offspring of rats, which may impair the learning and memory ability of the offspring. The lead-induced neurotoxicity may lead to the high expression of TGF-β1 mRNA and protein through lead, which may lead to the alteration of some signaling pathways, damage.