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自20世纪90年代初期以来,聚落考古、聚落形态研究已经成为中国史前考古的主要研究课题与内容,也取得了许多引人瞩目的重大成就与进步,但也同步暴露了许多的问题与不足,按遗址面积大小来确定聚落地位高低的研究方法,即“按大小论等级”的思想与方法就是其中之一。一、“按大小论等级”的思想与方法概述目前,学术界关于史前晚期聚落遗址可以按大小分等级的基本认识是:史前晚期,私有制出现,社会贫富分化、等级分化,少数聚落遗址在财富与实力的支持下,异军突起,整个社会由以前的平等社会逐渐过渡到金字塔形结构的等级社会,从而导致少数聚
Since the early 1990s, the research on settlement archeology and settlements has become the main research topic and content of China’s prehistoric archeology. It has also made a lot of remarkable achievements and progress, but it also exposes many problems and deficiencies simultaneously. According to the size of the ruins to determine the level of settlement status of research methods, namely “size by rank ” ideas and methods is one of them. First, the “theory of size class” summary of ideas and methods At present, academia on the prehistoric settlements can be classified according to the size of the basic understanding is: the late prehistoric period, the emergence of private ownership, social differentiation of rich and poor, hierarchical differentiation, minority settlement With the support of wealth and strength, the site of the armed forces has sprung up everywhere. The entire society has gradually shifted from a previous equal society to a pyramid-shaped hierarchical society, resulting in a small number of poly