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数学的抽象与儿童思维的具体形象性之间的矛盾是数学学习中的主要矛盾。解决矛盾的主要途径是利用直观,怎样利用直观呢?是更多地让学生观察一些实物、图片或模型呢?还是更多地让孩子们参与活动操作?瑞士著名的心理学家皮亚杰指出:数学上的抽象是属于操作性质的,而它的发生、发展要经过连续不断的一系列的阶段,而其最初的来源又是一些十分具体的行动,这就为小学生充分利用可操作的结构化的物质材料
The contradiction between the mathematical abstraction and the concrete image of children’s thinking is the main contradiction in mathematical learning. The main way to solve the contradiction is to use intuition, how to use intuition? More students to observe some objects, pictures or models? Or more to allow children to participate in activities? The famous Swiss psychologist Piaget pointed out : Mathematical abstraction is of operational nature, and its occurrence and development go through a series of consecutive stages, and its original source is some very specific actions, which make full use of operable structures for primary school students Materialized material