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在历史文化遗产研究中,论者对于历史功绩的评价往往与历史的价值判断混为一谈,似乎凡是历史上作肯定评价的文化遗产,也就是我们要吸收的精华,而今天应予摒弃的糟粕,则须作历史的否定。这种意见实际上把辨别精华与糟粕等同于对历史功绩的评价,用历史的科学评价代替历史的价值判断。这是一种误解。一历史的价值判断与历史评价所观察的对象虽然都是同一客体,即已经过去的人类历史,但两者的视角是不同的,因而是两个不同范畴的概念。历史评价是以历史学的观点去审视以往人类活动在历史上的客观作用和科学地位,即就是把历史上不同阶级不同时代人们的实践活动、思想、观点、学说和主张,一定历史时期的政治、经济制度,以及
In the study of historical and cultural heritage, the evaluation of historical merit by the author is often confused with the historical value judgment. It seems that all cultural heritage that has been affirmed in history, that is, the essence we should absorb, and the dross that should be abandoned today, To make a history of negation. This opinion actually equates the distinction between essence and dross with the evaluation of historical merit, replacing the historical value judgment with historical scientific evaluation. This is a misunderstanding. Although the objects observed in the historical value judgments and historical evaluations are both the same object and the past human history, the perspectives of the two are different and therefore the concepts of the two different categories. Historical evaluation is based on the historical perspective to examine the historical objective role and scientific status of human activities in the past. That is to say, the practice activities, ideas, opinions, doctrines and opinions of people in different times and histories in different historical periods , Economic system, as well