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目的观察饱和脂肪饮食对豚鼠学习记忆、脑β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)及丙二醛(MDA)的影响。方法 24只雄性豚鼠随机分为对照组和饱和脂肪组,每组12只。对照组给予正常饲料,饱和脂肪组饲料中添加质量分数15%牛油,喂养16周。用Morris水迷宫测定豚鼠空间学习记忆能力,用酶联免疫吸附分析法测定海马Aβ水平,用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定脑组织T-SOD,用硫代巴比妥酸法测定脑组织MDA水平。结果与对照组比较,饱和脂肪组豚鼠的平均逃避潜伏期显著延长(P<0.05),穿越原平台位置的次数显著减少(P<0.05),海马Aβ水平显著升高(P<0.05),脑T-SOD活性显著降低(P<0.05)。结论饱和脂肪饮食引起学习记忆受损及Aβ增多,其机制可能与脑抗氧化能力降低有关。
Objective To observe the effect of saturated fat diet on learning and memory, brain β-amyloid (Aβ), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in guinea pigs. Methods Twenty-four male guinea pigs were randomly divided into control group and saturated fat group, with 12 rats in each group. Control group was given normal feed, saturated fat group feed added 15% of the mass fraction of butter, feeding 16 weeks. The spatial learning and memory abilities of guinea pigs were measured by Morris water maze. The levels of Aβ in hippocampus were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). T-SOD was measured by xanthine oxidase method and MDA content was measured by thiobarbituric acid method. Results Compared with the control group, the mean escape latency of saturated fat group was significantly prolonged (P <0.05), the number of crossing the original platform significantly decreased (P <0.05), the level of Aβ in hippocampus was significantly increased (P <0.05) -SOD activity was significantly lower (P <0.05). Conclusions Saturated fat diet can cause impaired learning and memory and increase Aβ, which may be related to the decrease of brain antioxidant capacity.