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羊水细胞培养已广泛用于染色体畸变的产前诊断,一般采用“原位法”和“胰酶消化法”制备染色体。从羊水穿刺到分析结果分别需13.4和15.3天。作者介绍吸管法制备染色体,时间明显缩短,现已做为标准方法用于常规产前诊断。也可用于肿瘤细胞和成纤维细胞的染色体制备。基本方法如下: Ⅰ、在petvi培养皿培养羊水细胞。Ⅱ、细胞充分生长时(即出现第一个有丝分裂或克隆时)制备染色体。Ⅲ、取Colcemid到培养基中(0.2μg/ml)。Ⅳ、取有丝分裂相作染色体分析,吸管的直径20～60μm,须在硅溶液中硅化。Ⅴ、将有丝分裂细胞转移到含低张溶液(KCl0.075M,12～15分钟)的petvi皿中。Ⅵ、用吸管采集膨胀而完好的有丝分裂细胞。
Amniotic fluid cell culture has been widely used for prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal aberrations, the general use of “in situ” and “trypsin digestion” preparation of chromosomes. From amniocentesis to the analysis results were 13.4 and 15.3 days respectively. The author describes the straw preparation of chromosomes, significantly shorter time, has now been used as a standard method for routine prenatal diagnosis. Chromosomal preparation of tumor cells and fibroblasts is also available. The basic method is as follows: Ⅰ, cultured petunia dish amniotic fluid cells. Chromosomes are prepared when the cells are fully grown (ie when the first mitosis or clone occurs). Ⅲ, take Colcemid into the medium (0.2μg / ml). Ⅳ, take mitotic phase chromosome analysis, pipette diameter 20 ~ 60μm, silicon solution to be silicified. Ⅴ. Transfer the mitotic cells to a petvi dish containing a hypotonic solution (KCl 0.075 M, 12-15 min). Ⅵ, using a pipette to collect the expanded and intact mitotic cells.