Light-activated nitric-oxide overproduction theranostic nanoplatform based on long-circulating biomi

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The limited intratumoral perfusion of nitric oxide(NO)-carrying nanoparticles into solid tumors caused by the inherent bio-logical barriers in vivo greatly attenuates their generated efficacy.Herein,through entrapping heat-sensitive NO donors(BNN6)on mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles(M-PDA)and subsequently enveloping with red blood cells membranes,a heat-responsive biomimetic theranostic nanoerythrocyte(M/B@R)is developed to boost NO-based cancer therapy.The reserved intact structure of red blood cells membranes(RBCm)endows M/B@R with superior biosafety and stealth properties for prolonged circulation time and subsequent enhanced tumor accumulation.Once internalized in tumors and excited by near-infrared light(NIR,808 nm)irradiation,M/B@R can not only yield plenty of heat for photothermal therapy(PTT)but also achieve the overproduction of NO for highly-efficient NO gas therapy due to its high loading capacity and NIR-absorbing property of M-PDA.The generated NO further ensures the formation of ONOO-which possesses remarkable toxicity to tumor as well as alleviating tumor hypoxia.It is found that M/B@R with NIR as the excitation source can significantly induce synthetic lethality to tumors via the hyperthermia,DNA damage and the ease of tumor hypoxia.Simultaneously,M/B@R also exhibits the potential for bimodal fluorescence and photothermal imaging.The RBCm-camouflaged NO delivery nanoplatform with bimodal imaging capability in this work may provide a new combinatorial paradigm to induce PTT/NO for cancer theranostic appli-cations.
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