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糖尿病周围神经病变（ DPN）是糖尿病常见的并发症之一，对 DPN的早期诊断具有重要的临床意义。 DPN早期存在小神经／无髓神经纤维受损，对其进行形态学以及功能评估有助于早期诊断DPN。目前临床上出现的感觉定量检测、泌汗神经功能检测、皮肤活检、角膜共聚焦显微镜等，偏重于小神经／无髓神经纤维功能的检测，具有早期诊断DPN的潜力。合理使用这些诊断技术可早期发现并及时治疗DPN，降低足部溃疡的发生率。“,”Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN) is one of the common complications of diabetes melli-tus,the early diagnosis of which has a great clinical significance .Small/unmyelinated nerve fiber losses exist in the early stage of DPN.Morphological and functional assessment of small and unmyelinated nerve fibers can improve the early diagnosis of DPN.Current clinic trials such as quantitative sensory test,sweat gland nerve function test,skin biopsy,and corneal confocal microscopy,are focused on the function of small/unmy-elinated nerve fibers, which also have the potential of diagnosing DPN in early stages .With appropriate understanding and application of these latest technics,DPN can be diagnosed and treated at early stages,thus lowering the risk of foot ulceration.