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机体遗传信息改变而引起的细胞突变,是癌、遗传毒性和老化等的成因,亦与机体的防御、细胞分化机理等有密切关系。因此,突变的抑制对维持机体的正常机能有重要作用。细胞突变可分为自发突变和诱发突变。前者是由细胞内源性变异原引起的。总之,细胞突变都与诱发因子(突变诱发因子;变异原)有关。然而诱发因子到达并作用于细胞染色体DNA以前常受化学的或酶的作用而失活,作者把能使诱变因子失活的作用因子(化学物质或酶)称为除突变原(desmutagen)。早在30多年前,已发现细胞外的特定因子可使微生物的自发突变率或诱发突变率降低。这种特定因子被定义为抗突变剂(antimu-tagen),以便与除突变原相区别。作者注重自然界中抗突变剂的研究,发现2价钴(Cocl2)对亚硝基
Mutations in cells caused by changes in genetic information in the body are the causes of cancer, genotoxicity and aging, and are closely related to the body’s defenses and cell differentiation mechanisms. Therefore, the inhibition of mutation plays an important role in maintaining the normal function of the body. Cell mutations can be divided into spontaneous and induced mutations. The former is caused by the endogenous variability of the cell. In short, cell mutations are all related to evoked factors (mutation-inducing factors; mutated). However, the inducing factor arrives at and acts on the chromosomal DNA of the cell and is often inactivated by chemical or enzymatic action. The authors call the desactivagen a factor (chemical or enzyme) that inactivates the mutagen. As early as more than 30 years ago, it has been found that extracellular specific factors can reduce the spontaneous mutation rate or induced mutation rate of microorganisms. This specific factor is defined as an anti-mutant (antimu-tagen) so as to distinguish it from the original mutant. The author focuses on the study of antimutagenic agents in the natural world and found that Cobalt 2 is a nitroso