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目的了解广东省深圳市光明新区医院急诊伤害分布情况,为伤害事件预防与控制提供依据。方法采用统一的调查表对在深圳市光明新区伤害监测哨点医院急诊科就诊的首诊伤害病例进行登记,运用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2010年全年累计伤害病例22 784例,伤害发生的主要原因为钝器伤(40.24%)、跌倒/坠落(16.46%)、动物伤(13.28%)、刀/锐器伤(11.43%)、机动车车祸(10.51%),发生地点主要是工业和建筑场所(40.80%)、公路/街道(22.65%)等;以非故意伤害事故(83.97%)和轻度伤害(76.30%)为主,机动车车祸是造成重度伤害的主要原因(55.26%);总病例在各时间段分布无明显高峰,不同职业伤害发生时间段不同(χ2=998,P=0.00),大部分伤害事故发生在08:00-22:00之间,占总登记数的85.51%,一天中17:00-20:00为学龄前儿童伤害事件发生的相对高峰时段(37.43%),16:00-19:00为在校学生伤害事件发生的相对高峰时段(36.91%),00:00时段(12.85%)、20:00时段(8.38%)、21:00时段(8.38%)为自残/自杀意图伤害事件发生的3个高峰时段。结论职业伤害、动物伤害及交通伤害是干预重点,对不同人群、不同地点、不同时间预防控制伤害事件发生要采取不同措施。
Objective To understand the distribution of emergency injuries in Guangming New District Hospital of Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, and provide the basis for the prevention and control of injuries. Methods A unified questionnaire was used to register the first cases of injuries in the emergency department of sentinel Hospitals in the Guangming New District of Shenzhen City and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze them. Results A total of 22 784 cases of injuries were recorded in the whole year of 2010. The main causes of injuries were blunt trauma (40.24%), fall / fall (16.46%), animal injuries (13.28%), knife / sharp injuries , Motor vehicle accidents (10.51%) occurred mainly in industrial and construction sites (40.80%), roads / streets (22.65%) and so on. Accidents involving unintentional injuries (83.97%) and minor injuries (76.30%) were mainly Motor vehicle accident was the main cause of serious injury (55.26%). There was no obvious peak in the distribution of the total cases, and the occupational injury occurred in different periods (χ2 = 998, P = 0.00). Most of the injuries occurred in 08: 00-22: 00, accounting for 85.51% of the total number of registrations. The relative peak time of the preschool children’s injury occurred from 17: 00-20: 00 in one day (37.43%), and from 16: 00-19: 00 (36.91%), 00:00 (12.85%), 20:00 (8.38%) and 21:00 (8.38%) at the peak time of school student injury. 3 peak hours. Conclusion Occupational injuries, animal injuries and traffic injuries are the main points of intervention. Different measures should be taken to prevent and control injuries from occurring in different people, places and time.