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以辽宁省昌图县主要粮食产区为研究对象,分析施肥(化肥、玉米秸秆和有机肥)和耕作方式(旋耕、深松和隔行深松)对棕壤微生物生物量碳、氮(SMB-C、-N)的影响。结果显示,与对照处理相比,施用化肥处理SMB-C、-N分别下降14.3%和13.3%,秸秆回田处理下降12.3%和12.2%,而施用有机肥则显著提高SMB-C、-N,幅度分别为31.7%和38.6%。说明施用化肥明显降低土壤微生物生物量,配施秸秆在短时期内无法缓解化肥施用对微生物生物量的抑制作用,而有机肥却能迅速缓解抑制作用,提高土壤微生物生物量。深松(行行)和隔行深松作为保护性土壤耕作方式,与常规耕作(NPK处理)相比,显著提高了SMB-C、-N,其中深松提高幅度为56.8%和77.0%,隔行深松则为27.7%和36.1%。试验伊始,有机肥处理SMB-C/SOC(土壤有机碳)最高,达到1.57,至实验结束,深松处理最高,为2.15,其次为隔行深松处理。有机肥处理SMB-N/TN(土壤全氮)受年际影响上下波动,深松和隔行深松处理呈现先下降后上升的态势。深松和隔行深松能有效保存土壤养分含量,特别是活性碳、氮库,是土壤肥力贫瘠地区推荐的土壤耕作方式,从人力和机械消耗角度而言,隔行深松更有利于我国农业可持续发展。
Taking the main grain producing areas of Changtu County of Liaoning Province as the research object, the effects of fertilization (fertilizers, corn stalks and organic fertilizer) and tillage methods (rotary tillage, subsoiling and interlaced subsoiling) on microbial biomass C and N -C, -N). The results showed that compared with the control, SMB-C, -N decreased 14.3% and 13.3%, while the straw returned to field decreased 12.3% and 12.2%, respectively. However, organic manure increased SMB-C, -N At 31.7% and 38.6% respectively. The results showed that applying chemical fertilizers significantly reduced soil microbial biomass. Combined application of straw could not alleviate the inhibitory effect of chemical fertilizers on microbial biomass in a short period of time. However, organic fertilizers could quickly relieve the inhibition and increase soil microbial biomass. Compared with conventional tillage (NPK treatment), Nongmatong (line) and interlaced Nongzhuan as protected soil tillage methods significantly increased SMB-C and N, with subsoiling increased by 56.8% and 77.0% Deep pine is 27.7% and 36.1%. At the beginning of the experiment, SMB-C / SOC (soil organic carbon) was the highest in organic manure, reaching 1.57. At the end of the experiment, the highest subsoiling reached 2.15, followed by interlaced subsoiling. Organic manure SMB-N / TN (soil total nitrogen) fluctuated up and down under the influence of interannual, submerged pine and interlaced subsoiling played an upward trend and a downward trend first. Subsoiling and interlaced subsoiling can effectively conserve soil nutrient content, especially activated carbon and nitrogen pool. It is the recommended soil tillage method in the poor soil fertility area. From the point of view of human and mechanical consumption, interlacing subsoiling is more beneficial to agriculture in China Continuous development.